Profiling Early Humoral Response to Diagnose Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
Li Guo,Lili Ren,Siyuan Yang,Meng Xiao,De Chang,Fan Yang,Charles S. Dela Cruz,Yingying Wang,Chao Wu,Yan Xiao,Lulu Zhang,Lianlian Han,Shengyuan Dang,Yan Xu,Qi Wen Yang,Sheng Yong Xu,Hua Dong Zhu,Yingchun Xu,Qi Jin,Lokesh Sharma,Linghang Wang,Jianwei Wang +21 more
TLDR
The humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 can aid in the diagnosis of COVID-19, including subclinical cases, and the detection efficiency by IgM ELISA is higher than that of qPCR after 5.5 days of symptom onset.Abstract:
Background The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a major healthcare threat. The current method of detection involves a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based technique, which identifies the viral nucleic acids when present in sufficient quantity. False-negative results can be achieved and failure to quarantine the infected patient would be a major setback in containing the viral transmission. We aim to describe the time kinetics of various antibodies produced against the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and evaluate the potential of antibody testing to diagnose COVID-19. Methods The host humoral response against SARS-CoV-2, including IgA, IgM, and IgG response, was examined by using an ELISA-based assay on the recombinant viral nucleocapsid protein. 208 plasma samples were collected from 82 confirmed and 58 probable cases (qPCR negative but with typical manifestation). The diagnostic value of IgM was evaluated in this cohort. Results The median duration of IgM and IgA antibody detection was 5 (IQR, 3-6) days, while IgG was detected 14 (IQR, 10-18) days after symptom onset, with a positive rate of 85.4%, 92.7%, and 77.9%, respectively. In confirmed and probable cases, the positive rates of IgM antibodies were 75.6% and 93.1%, respectively. The detection efficiency by IgM ELISA is higher than that of qPCR after 5.5 days of symptom onset. The positive detection rate is significantly increased (98.6%) when combining IgM ELISA assay with PCR for each patient compared with a single qPCR test (51.9%). Conclusions The humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 can aid in the diagnosis of COVID-19, including subclinical cases.read more
Citations
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Pathophysiology, Transmission, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review.
W. Joost Wiersinga,Andrew Rhodes,Allen C. Cheng,Sharon J. Peacock,Sharon J. Peacock,Hallie C. Prescott +5 more
TL;DR: This review discusses current evidence regarding the pathophysiology, transmission, diagnosis, and management of COVID-19, the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic that has caused a worldwide sudden and substantial increase in hospitalizations for pneumonia with multiorgan disease.
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6-month consequences of COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a cohort study.
Chaolin Huang,Lixue Huang,Lixue Huang,Yeming Wang,Xia Li,Lili Ren,Xiaoying Gu,Xiaoying Gu,Liang Kang,Lili Guo,Min Liu,Xing Zhou,Jianfeng Luo,Zhenghui Huang,Shengjin Tu,Yue Zhao,Li Chen,Decui Xu,Yanping Li,Caihong Li,Lu Peng,Yong Mei Li,Wuxiang Xie,Dan Cui,Dan Cui,Lianhan Shang,Lianhan Shang,Guohui Fan,Guohui Fan,Jiuyang Xu,Geng Wang,Geng Wang,Ying Wang,Jingchuan Zhong,Chen Wang,Chen Wang,Jianwei Wang,Dingyu Zhang,Bin Cao +38 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the long-term health consequences of patients with COVID-19 who have been discharged from hospital and investigate the associated risk factors, in particular disease severity.
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Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19
TL;DR: The basic virology of SARS-CoV-2 is described, including genomic characteristics and receptor use, highlighting its key difference from previously known coronaviruses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interpreting Diagnostic Tests for SARS-CoV-2.
TL;DR: How to interpret 2 types of diagnostic tests commonly in use for SARS-CoV-2 infections—reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and IgM and IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)—and how the results may vary over time is described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Variation in False-Negative Rate of Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based SARS-CoV-2 Tests by Time Since Exposure.
TL;DR: Care must be taken in interpreting RT-PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2 infection—particularly early in the course of infection—when using these results as a basis for removing precautions intended to prevent onward transmission.
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TL;DR: There is evidence that human-to-human transmission has occurred among close contacts since the middle of December 2019 and considerable efforts to reduce transmission will be required to control outbreaks if similar dynamics apply elsewhere.
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