Progenitor and terminal subsets of CD8+ T cells cooperate to contain chronic viral infection.
Michael A. Paley,Daniela C. Kroy,Pamela M. Odorizzi,Jonathan B. Johnnidis,Douglas V. Dolfi,Burton E. Barnett,Elizabeth K. Bikoff,Elizabeth J. Robertson,Georg M. Lauer,Steven L. Reiner,E. John Wherry +10 more
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TLDR
It is demonstrated that the T-box transcription factors T-bet and Eomesodermin differentially regulate two phenotypically and functionally distinct subsets of antiviral CD8+ T cells in mice, which may be important for antiviral immunity during chronic viral infections in humans.Abstract:
Chronic infections strain the regenerative capacity of antiviral T lymphocyte populations, leading to failure in long-term immunity. The cellular and molecular events controlling this regenerative capacity, however, are unknown. We found that two distinct states of virus-specific CD8+ T cells exist in chronically infected mice and humans. Differential expression of the T-box transcription factors T-bet and Eomesodermin (Eomes) facilitated the cooperative maintenance of the pool of antiviral CD8+ T cells during chronic viral infection. T-bethi cells displayed low intrinsic turnover but proliferated in response to persisting antigen, giving rise to Eomeshi terminal progeny. Genetic elimination of either subset resulted in failure to control chronic infection, which suggests that an imbalance in differentiation and renewal could underlie the collapse of immunity in humans with chronic infections.read more
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References
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Restoring function in exhausted CD8 T cells during chronic viral infection.
Daniel L. Barber,E. John Wherry,David Masopust,Baogong Zhu,James P. Allison,Arlene H. Sharpe,Gordon J. Freeman,Rafi Ahmed +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed genes expressed in functionally impaired virus-specific CD8 T cells present in mice chronically infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), and compared these with the gene profile of functional memory CD8T cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
T cell exhaustion
TL;DR: Advances in the molecular delineation of T cell exhaustion are clarifying the underlying causes of this state of differentiation and also suggest promising therapeutic opportunities.
Journal Article
Restoring function in exhausted CD8 T cells during chronic viral infection
TL;DR: It is found that even in persistently infected mice that were lacking CD4 T-cell help, blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitory pathway had a beneficial effect on the ‘helpless’ CD8 T cells, restoring their ability to undergo proliferation, secrete cytokines, kill infected cells and decrease viral load.
Journal ArticleDOI
PD-1 expression on HIV-specific T cells is associated with T-cell exhaustion and disease progression
Cheryl L. Day,Daniel Kaufmann,Photini Kiepiela,Julia A. Brown,Eshia Moodley,Sharon Reddy,Elizabeth W Mackey,Joseph D. Miller,Alasdair Leslie,Chantal DePierres,Zenele Mncube,Jaikumar Duraiswamy,Baogong Zhu,Quentin Eichbaum,Marcus Altfeld,E. John Wherry,Hoosen M. Coovadia,Philip J. R. Goulder,Philip J. R. Goulder,Philip J. R. Goulder,Paul Klenerman,Rafi Ahmed,Gordon J. Freeman,Bruce D. Walker,Bruce D. Walker,Bruce D. Walker +25 more
TL;DR: The data indicate that the immunoregulatory PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is operative during a persistent viral infection in humans, and define a reversible defect in HIV-specific T-cell function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lineage relationship and protective immunity of memory CD8 T cell subsets.
E. John Wherry,Volker Teichgräber,Todd C. Becker,David Masopust,Susan M. Kaech,Rustom Antia,Ulrich H. von Andrian,Rafi Ahmed +7 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that TCM and TEM do not necessarily represent distinct subsets, but are part of a continuum in a linear naive → effector → TEM → TCM differentiation pathway.