Journal ArticleDOI
Recurrence of hepatitis C virus after loss of virus-specific CD4(+) T-cell response in acute hepatitis C.
J. Tilman Gerlach,Helmut M. Diepolder,Maria Christina Jung,Norbert H. Gruener,W. Schraut,Reinhart Zachoval,Robert M. Hoffmann,C.albrecht Schirren,Teresa Santantonio,Gerd R. Pape +9 more
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TLDR
The results indicate that a virus-specific CD4(+)/Th1(+) T-cell response that eliminates the virus during the acute phase of disease has to be maintained permanently to achieve long-term control of the virus.About:
This article is published in Gastroenterology.The article was published on 1999-10-01. It has received 722 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Hepatitis C virus & Virus.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Georg M. Lauer,Bruce D. Walker +1 more
TL;DR: The institution of blood-screening measures in developed countries has decreased the risk of transfusion-associated hepatitis to a negligible level, but new cases continue to occur mainly as a result of injection-drug use and, to a lesser degree, through other means of percutaneous or mucous-membrane exposure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immunology of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection.
TL;DR: This review assesses recent advances in the understanding of viral hepatitis, contrasts mechanisms of virus–host interaction in acute hepatitis B and hepatitis C, and outlines areas for future studies.
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Analysis of Successful Immune Responses in Persons Infected with Hepatitis C Virus
Franziska Lechner,David Wong,P R Dunbar,Roger W. Chapman,Raymond T. Chung,P B Dohrenwend,Gregory K. Robbins,Rodney E. Phillips,Paul Klenerman,Bruce D. Walker +9 more
TL;DR: A strong and persistent CTL response in resolving acute HCV infection is demonstrated, and rationale to explore immune augmentation as a therapeutic intervention in chronic HCv infection is provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Determinants of Viral Clearance and Persistence during Acute Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Robert Thimme,David W. Oldach,Kyong-Mi Chang,Kyong-Mi Chang,Carola Steiger,Stuart C. Ray,Francis V. Chisari +6 more
TL;DR: The virological and immunological features of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were studied weekly for 6 months after accidental needlestick exposure in five health care workers, four of whom developed acute hepatitis that progressed to chronicity while one subject cleared the virus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immune control of HIV-1 after early treatment of acute infection
Eric S. Rosenberg,Marcus Altfeld,Samuel H. Poon,Mary N. Phillips,Barbara M. Wilkes,Robert L. Eldridge,Gregory K. Robbins,Richard T. D'Aquila,Philip J. R. Goulder,Bruce D. Walker +9 more
TL;DR: It is shown that, despite rebound in viraemia, all subjects were able to achieve at least a transient steady state off therapy with viral load below 5,000 RNA copies per ml, suggesting that functional immune responses can be augmented in a chronic viral infection.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hepatitis B virus immunopathogenesis
Francis V. Chisari,Carlo Ferrari +1 more
TL;DR: Elucidation of the immunological and virological basis for HBV persistence may yield immunotherapeutic and antiviral strategies to terminate chronic HBV infection and reduce the risk of its life-threatening sequellae.
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CD4+ T cells are required to sustain CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell responses during chronic viral infection.
TL;DR: It is shown that CD4+ T cells are dispensable for short-term acute infection in which CD8+ CTL activity does not need to be sustained for more than 2 weeks, but under conditions of chronic infection, in which it takes several months or longer to clear the infection, CD4-cell function is critical.
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Epidemiology of hepatitis C
TL;DR: Although the incidence of acute hepatitis C has declined, there is a large reservoir of chronically infected Americans who can serve as a source of transmission to others and who are at risk of the severe consequences of chronic liver disease.
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Possible mechanism involving T-lymphocyte response to non-structural protein 3 in viral clearance in acute hepatitis C virus infection
Helmut M. Diepolder,Reinhart Zachoval,Reinhard Hoffmann,M-C. Jung,Gerd R. Pape,Eddy A. Wierenga,Teresa Santantonio,Dieter Eichenlaub +7 more
TL;DR: NS3-specific CD4 T-cell clones from patients with self-limited infection predominantly produced interferon-gamma and may thus support cytotoxic effector mechanisms important for viral clearance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hepatitis C: the clinical spectrum of disease.
TL;DR: This important liver disease has protean manifestations but is often insidious and can lead to end‐ stage liver disease despite the presence of few symptoms and signs of illness.