Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of carbon catabolism in Bacillus species.
Jörg Stülke,Wolfgang Hillen +1 more
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The gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilisis capable of using numerous carbohydrates as single sources of carbon and energy is discussed, with antitermination apparently more common in B. subtil is than in other bacteria.Abstract:
The gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilisis capable of using numerous carbohydrates as single sources of carbon and energy. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of carbon catabolism and its regulation. Like many other bacteria, B. subtilis uses glucose as the most preferred source of carbon and energy. Expression of genes involved in catabolism of many other substrates depends on their presence (induction) and the absence of carbon sources that can be well metabolized (catabolite repression). Induction is achieved by different mechanisms, with antitermination apparently more common in B. subtilis than in other bacteria. Catabolite repression is regulated in a completely different way than in enteric bacteria. The components mediating carbon catabolite repression in B. subtilis are also found in many other gram-positive bacteria of low GC content.read more
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The Cellulosomes: Multienzyme Machines for Degradation of Plant Cell Wall Polysaccharides
TL;DR: The recently described three-dimensional crystal structure of the cohesin-dockerin heterodimer sheds light on the critical amino acids that contribute to this high-affinity protein-protein interaction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Untangling the Genetic Basis of Fibrolytic Specialization by Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae in Diverse Gut Communities
TL;DR: By comparing the genomes of the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae with the Clostridiaceae, this work identifies key carbohydrate-active enzymes, sugar transport mechanisms, and metabolic pathways that distinguish these two commensal groups as specialists for the degradation of complex plant material.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acetoin Metabolism in Bacteria
Zijun Xiao,Ping Xu +1 more
TL;DR: This is the first integrated review on acetoin metabolism in bacteria, especially with regard to catabolic aspects, and the relationship between the two conflicting acetoin cleavage pathways is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbon Catabolite Control of the Metabolic Network in Bacillus subtilis
TL;DR: CcpA-dependent and independent networks for carbon metabolism play a major role in the coordinate regulation of catabolism and anabolism to ensure optimum cell propagation in the presence and the absence of a preferred PTS-carbohydrate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Simultaneous consumption of pentose and hexose sugars: an optimal microbial phenotype for efficient fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass.
TL;DR: By exploiting CCR-negative phenotypes, various integrated processes have been developed that incorporate both enzyme hydrolysis of lignocellulosic material and mixed sugar fermentation, thereby enabling greater productivity and fermentation efficacy.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The complete genome sequence of the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis
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TL;DR: Bacillus subtilis is the best-characterized member of the Gram-positive bacteria, indicating that bacteriophage infection has played an important evolutionary role in horizontal gene transfer, in particular in the propagation of bacterial pathogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase systems of bacteria.
TL;DR: The IIAGlc protein, part of the glucose-specific PTS, is a central regulatory protein which in its nonphosphorylated form can bind to and inhibit several non-PTS uptake systems and thus prevent entry of inducers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Extracellular enzyme synthesis in the genus Bacillus.
TL;DR: This article will attempt to review the recent literature concerned with the characterization and properties of the exoenzymes synthesized by the bacilli and the control and mechanisms of their synthesis.