Journal ArticleDOI
Roles of continuous neurogenesis in the structural and functional integrity of the adult forebrain
Itaru Imayoshi,Masayuki Sakamoto,Toshiyuki Ohtsuka,Keizo Takao,Keizo Takao,Tsuyoshi Miyakawa,Tsuyoshi Miyakawa,Masahiro Yamaguchi,Kensaku Mori,Toshio Ikeda,Shigeyoshi Itohara,Ryoichiro Kageyama +11 more
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TLDR
It is suggested that continuous neurogenesis is required for the maintenance and reorganization of the whole interneuron system in the olfactory bulb, the modulation and refinement of the existing neuronal circuits in the dentate gyrus and the normal behaviors involved in hippocampal-dependent memory.Abstract:
Neurogenesis occurs continuously in the forebrain of adult mammals, but the functional importance of adult neurogenesis is still unclear. Here, using a genetic labeling method in adult mice, we found that continuous neurogenesis results in the replacement of the majority of granule neurons in the olfactory bulb and a substantial addition of granule neurons to the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Genetic ablation of newly formed neurons in adult mice led to a gradual decrease in the number of granule cells in the olfactory bulb, inhibition of increases in the granule cell number in the dentate gyrus and impairment of behaviors in contextual and spatial memory, which are known to depend on hippocampus. These results suggest that continuous neurogenesis is required for the maintenance and reorganization of the whole interneuron system in the olfactory bulb, the modulation and refinement of the existing neuronal circuits in the dentate gyrus and the normal behaviors involved in hippocampal-dependent memory.read more
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The glial nature of embryonic and adult neural stem cells
TL;DR: The timing in development and location of NSCs, a property tightly linked to their neuroepithelial origin, appear to be the key determinants of the types of neurons generated.
Journal ArticleDOI
New neurons and new memories: how does adult hippocampal neurogenesis affect learning and memory?
TL;DR: Recent progress in the integration of adult-born neurons into the circuitry of the adult hippocampus suggests an important role for adult hippocampal neurogenesis in learning and memory, but its specific function in these processes has remained elusive.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dynamics of Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Adult Humans
Kirsty L. Spalding,Olaf Bergmann,Kanar Alkass,Samuel Bernard,Mehran Salehpour,Hagen B. Huttner,Hagen B. Huttner,Emil Boström,Isabelle Westerlund,Céline Vial,Bruce A. Buchholz,Göran Possnert,Deborah C. Mash,Henrik Druid,Jonas Frisén +14 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that neurons are generated throughout adulthood and that the rates are comparable in middle-aged humans and mice, suggesting that adult hippocampal neurogenesis may contribute to human brain function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Increasing adult hippocampal neurogenesis is sufficient to improve pattern separation.
Amar Sahay,Kimberly N. Scobie,Alexis S. Hill,C. O'Carroll,Mazen A. Kheirbek,Nesha S. Burghardt,André A. Fenton,Alex Dranovsky,René Hen +8 more
TL;DR: It is shown that inducible genetic expansion of the population of adult-born neurons through enhancing their survival improves performance in a specific cognitive task in which two similar contexts need to be distinguished, which is indicative of enhanced pattern separation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Young Dentate Granule Cells Mediate Pattern Separation, whereas Old Granule Cells Facilitate Pattern Completion
Toshiaki Nakashiba,Jesse D. Cushman,Kenneth A. Pelkey,Sophie Renaudineau,Derek L. Buhl,Thomas J. McHugh,Vanessa Rodriguez Barrera,Ramesh Chittajallu,Keisuke S. Iwamoto,Chris J. McBain,Michael S. Fanselow,Susumu Tonegawa +11 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that as adult-born GCs age, their function switches from pattern separation to rapid pattern completion, and older GCs contribute to the rapid recall by pattern completion.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: Before the full potential of neural stem cells can be realized, the authors need to learn what controls their proliferation, as well as the various pathways of differentiation available to their daughter cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Subventricular Zone Astrocytes Are Neural Stem Cells in the Adult Mammalian Brain
Fiona Doetsch,Isabelle Caillé,Daniel A. Lim,José Manuel García-Verdugo,Arturo Alvarez-Buylla +4 more
TL;DR: It is shown that SVZ astrocytes act as neural stem cells in both the normal and regenerating brain and give rise to cells that grow into multipotent neurospheres in vitro.
Journal ArticleDOI
More hippocampal neurons in adult mice living in an enriched environment
TL;DR: It is shown that significantly more new neurons exist in the dentate gyrus of mice exposed to an enriched environment compared with littermates housed in standard cages, and that the enriched mice have a larger hippocampal granule cell layer and 15 per cent moregranule cell neurons in the Dentate Gyrus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the adult rat: age-related decrease of neuronal progenitor proliferation
TL;DR: It is confirmed that in the adult rat brain, neuronal progenitor cells divide at the border between the hilus and the granule cell layer (GCL) and in adult rats, the progeny of these cells migrate into the GCL and express the neuronal markers NeuN and calbindin-D28k.
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