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The influence of inadequate antimicrobial treatment of bloodstream infections on patient outcomes in the ICU setting

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TLDR
The data suggest that clinical efforts should be aimed at reducing the administration of inadequate antimicrobial treatment to hospitalized patients with bloodstream infections, especially individuals infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria and Candida species.
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This article is published in Chest.The article was published on 2000-07-01. It has received 1757 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Intensive care & Antimicrobial.

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Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock: 2016

Andrew Rhodes, +58 more
TL;DR: Although a significant number of aspects of care have relatively weak support, evidence-based recommendations regarding the acute management of sepsis and septic shock are the foundation of improved outcomes for these critically ill patients with high mortality.
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Nosocomial Bloodstream Infections in US Hospitals: Analysis of 24,179 Cases from a Prospective Nationwide Surveillance Study

TL;DR: The proportion of nosocomial BSIs due to antibiotic-resistant organisms is increasing in US hospitals, and in neutropenic patients, infections with Candida species, enterococci, and viridans group streptococci were significantly more common.
References
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Definitions for Sepsis and Organ Failure and Guidelines for the Use of Innovative Therapies in Sepsis

TL;DR: An American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference was held in Northbrook in August 1991 with the goal of agreeing on a set of definitions that could be applied to patients with sepsis and its sequelae as mentioned in this paper.
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CDC definitions for nosocomial infections, 1988

TL;DR: The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) developed a new set of definitions for surveillance of nosocomial infections as mentioned in this paper, which combine specific clinical findings with results of laboratory and other tests that include recent advances in diagnostic technology.
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The APACHE III prognostic system. Risk prediction of hospital mortality for critically ill hospitalized adults.

TL;DR: The overall predictive accuracy of the first-day APACHE III equation was such that, within 24 h ofICU admission, 95 percent of ICU admissions could be given a risk estimate for hospital death that was within 3 percent of that actually observed.
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Inadequate Antimicrobial Treatment of Infections: A Risk Factor for Hospital Mortality Among Critically Ill Patients

TL;DR: Inadequate treatment of infections among patients requiring ICU admission appears to be an important determinant of hospital mortality, and clinical efforts aimed at reducing the occurrence of inadequate antimicrobial treatment could improve the outcomes of critically ill patients.
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