Journal ArticleDOI
The protective effects of estrogen on the cardiovascular system
TLDR
Estrogen has direct and indirect effects on the cardiovascular system that are mediated by the estrogen receptors ER-alpha and ER-beta, and indirectly influences serum lipoprotein and triglyceride profiles, and the expression of coagulant and fibrinolytic proteins.About:
This article is published in The New England Journal of Medicine.The article was published on 1999-06-10. It has received 2767 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Estrogen.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Estrogen plus progestin and the risk of coronary heart disease
JoAnn E. Manson,Judith Hsia,Karen C. Johnson,Jacques E. Rossouw,Annlouise R. Assaf,Norman L. Lasser,Maurizio Trevisan,Henry R. Black,Susan R. Heckbert,Robert Detrano,Ora L. Strickland,Nathan D. Wong,John R. Crouse,Evan A. Stein,Mary Cushman +14 more
TL;DR: Estrogen plus progestin does not confer cardiac protection and may increase the risk of CHD among generally healthy postmenopausal women, especially during the first year after the initiation of hormone use.
Journal ArticleDOI
Protective effects of estrogen on the cardiovascular system
TL;DR: Reviews of the data suggest that the direct actions of estrogen on blood are less important than previously thought, and that estrogen-induced alterations in serum lipids account for only approximately one third of the observed clinical benefits of estrogen.
Journal ArticleDOI
Primary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council: Cosponsored by the Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease Interdisciplinary Working Group; Cardiovascular Nursing Council; Clinical Cardiology Council; Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism Council; and the Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group: The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline.
Larry B. Goldstein,Robert J. Adams,Mark J. Alberts,Lawrence J. Appel,Lawrence M. Brass,Cheryl Bushnell,Antonio Culebras,Thomas J. DeGraba,Philip B. Gorelick,John R. Guyton,Robert G. Hart,George Howard,Margaret Kelly-Hayes,J.V. (Ian) Nixon,Ralph L. Sacco +14 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide an overview of the evidence on various established and potential stroke risk factors and provide recommendations for the reduction of stroke risk, and when appropriate, formulate recommendations based on standard American Heart Association criteria.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of estrogen replacement on the progression of coronary-artery atherosclerosis.
David M. Herrington,David M. Reboussin,K.B. Brosnihan,Penny C. Sharp,Sally A. Shumaker,Thomas E. Snyder,Curt D. Furberg,Glen J. Kowalchuk,Thomas D. Stuckey,William J. Rogers,D H Givens,David D. Waters +11 more
TL;DR: Estrogen and estrogen plus medroxyprogesterone acetate produced significant reductions in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and significant increases in high-density cholesterol levels; however, both levels were higher than expected.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular and cellular basis of cardiovascular gender differences
TL;DR: This review considers gender differences in the molecular and cellular physiology of the heart and blood vessels in health and disease, highlighting understudied areas that can help resolve the current controversy regarding hormone replacement therapy and improve cardiovascular health in women.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The steroid and thyroid hormone receptor superfamily
TL;DR: A superfamily of regulatory proteins that include receptors for thyroid hormone and the vertebrate morphogen retinoic acid is identified, suggesting mechanisms underlying morphogenesis and homeostasis may be more ubiquitous than previously expected.
Journal ArticleDOI
The L-Arginine-Nitric Oxide Pathway
Salvador Moncada,Annie Higgs +1 more
TL;DR: The discovery that mammalian cells generate nitric oxide, a gas previously considered to be merely an atmospheric pollutant, is providing important information about many biologic processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Randomized Trial of Estrogen Plus Progestin for Secondary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease in Postmenopausal Women
Stephen B. Hulley,Deborah Grady,Trudy L. Bush,Curt D Furberg,David M. Herrington,Betty Riggs,Eric Vittinghoff +6 more
TL;DR: Treatment with oral conjugated equine estrogen plus medroxyprogesterone acetate did not reduce the overall rate of CHD events in postmenopausal women with established coronary disease and the treatment did increase the rate of thromboembolic events and gallbladder disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cloning of a novel receptor expressed in rat prostate and ovary.
TL;DR: It is concluded that clone 29 cDNA encodes a novel rat ER, which is suggested be named rat ERbeta to distinguish it from the previously cloned ER (ERalpha) from rat uterus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular basis of agonism and antagonism in the oestrogen receptor.
Andrzej M. Brzozowski,Ashley C. W. Pike,Zbigniew Dauter,Roderick E. Hubbard,Tomas Bonn,Owe Engström,Lars Öhman,Geoffrey L. Greene,Jan-Åke Gustafsson,Mats Carlquist +9 more
TL;DR: The crystal structures of the LBD of ER in complex with the endogenous oestrogen, 17β-oestradiol, and the selective antagonist raloxifene provide a molecular basis for the distinctive pharmacophore of the ER and its catholic binding properties.
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