Journal ArticleDOI
The role of Sp1 and Sp3 in normal and cancer cell biology
Lin Li,James R. Davie +1 more
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TLDR
Both Sp1 and Sp3 can interact with and recruit a large number of proteins including the transcription initiation complex, histone modifying enzymes and chromatin remodeling complexes, which strongly suggest that they are important transcription factors in the remodeling chromatin and the regulation of gene expression.Abstract:
Sp1 and Sp3 are transcription factors expressed in all mammalian cells. These factors are involved in regulating the transcriptional activity of genes implicated in most cellular processes. Dysregulation of Sp1 and Sp3 is observed in many cancers and diseases. Due to the amino acid sequence similarity of the DNA binding domains, Sp1 and Sp3 recognize and associate with the same DNA element with similar affinity. However, others and our laboratory demonstrated that these two factors possess different properties and exert different functional roles. Both Sp1 and Sp3 can interact with and recruit a large number of proteins including the transcription initiation complex, histone modifying enzymes and chromatin remodeling complexes, which strongly suggest that Sp1 and Sp3 are important transcription factors in the remodeling chromatin and the regulation of gene expression. In this review, the role of Sp1 and Sp3 in normal and cancer cell biology and the multiple mechanisms deciding the functional roles of Sp1 and Sp3 will be presented.read more
Citations
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Lipid peroxidation: production, metabolism, and signaling mechanisms of malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal.
TL;DR: This review focuses on biochemical concepts of lipidPeroxidation, production, metabolism, and signaling mechanisms of two main omega-6 fatty acids lipid peroxidation products: malondialdehyde (MDA) and, in particular, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), summarizing not only its physiological and protective function as signaling molecule stimulating gene expression and cell survival, but also its cytotoxic role inhibiting geneexpression and promoting cell death.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sp1 and the ‘hallmarks of cancer’
TL;DR: A more complete understanding of the function of Sp1 in cancer is required to validate its potential as a therapeutic target, and the evidence suggesting that Sp1 is highly regulated by post‐translational modifications that positively and negatively affect the activity of Sp 1 on a wide array of genes is reviewed.
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Sp1 transcription factor: A long-standing target in cancer chemotherapy.
TL;DR: The acknowledgment that several of those compounds are safe enough might accelerate their introduction into clinical usage in patients with tumors that over-express Sp1, as well as promoting the degradation of Sp protein factors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cathepsin B: multiple roles in cancer.
Neha Aggarwal,Bonnie F. Sloane +1 more
TL;DR: Understanding the mechanisms responsible for increased expression of cathepsin B in tumors and association ofCathepsIn B with tumor cell membranes is needed to determine whether targeting cathePSin B could be of therapeutic benefit.
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Regulation of Immune Function by Polyphenols
TL;DR: In summary, polyphenols can be used to regulate intestinal mucosal immune responses, allergic diseases, and antitumour immunity.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The hallmarks of cancer.
TL;DR: This work has been supported by the Department of the Army and the National Institutes of Health, and the author acknowledges the support and encouragement of the National Cancer Institute.
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CDK inhibitors: positive and negative regulators of G1-phase progression
TL;DR: This work challenges previous assumptions about how the G1/S transition of the mammalian cell cycle is governed, helps explain some enigmatic features of cell cycle control that also involve the functions of the retinoblastoma protein (Rb) and the INK4 proteins, and changes the thinking about how either p16 loss or overexpression of cyclin D-dependent kinases contribute to cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Zinc finger-DNA recognition: crystal structure of a Zif268-DNA complex at 2.1 A.
Nikola P. Pavletich,Carl O. Pabo +1 more
TL;DR: The crystal structure of a complex containing the three zinc fingers from Zif268 and a consensus DNA-binding site has been determined at 2.1 angstroms resolution and refined to a crystallographic R factor of 18.2 percent.
Journal ArticleDOI
Histone H4-K16 Acetylation Controls Chromatin Structure and Protein Interactions
Michael Shogren-Knaak,Haruhiko Ishii,Jian-Min Sun,Michael J. Pazin,James R. Davie,Craig L. Peterson +5 more
TL;DR: H4-K16Ac inhibits the ability of the adenosine triphosphate–utilizing chromatin assembly and remodeling enzyme ACF to mobilize a mononucleosome, indicating that this single histone modification modulates both higher order chromatin structure and functional interactions between a nonhistone protein and the chromatin fiber.
Journal ArticleDOI
Estrogen Receptor-α Directs Ordered, Cyclical, and Combinatorial Recruitment of Cofactors on a Natural Target Promoter
Raphaël Métivier,Graziella Penot,Michael R Hübner,George Reid,Heike Brand,Martin Kos,Frank Gannon +6 more
TL;DR: A comprehensive picture of events resulting in transcriptional activation of a gene is provided, through evaluating the estrogen receptor-alpha (NR3A1) target pS2 gene promoter in MCF-7 cells, which implies that transcriptionalactivation is a cyclical process that requires both activating and repressive epigenetic processes.