Journal ArticleDOI
Tumor size and survival in breast cancer--a reappraisal.
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TLDR
It is speculated that the uncoupling of tumor size, lymph-node status and prognosis in some subtypes of breast cancers might reflect an underlying disproportionate relationship between the number of cancer cells with metastatic potential and the size of the cancer.Abstract:
The size of a breast cancer at diagnosis has conventionally been thought of as a fundamental and critical determinant of clinical outcome. However, the tendency of some subtypes of breast cancer to behave aggressively, despite being small (</=1 cm in diameter), questions the premise that cancer size should always be considered in treatment decisions. Although there is an association between tumor size and lymph-node involvement for most tumor types, this pattern is not invariable. We speculate that the uncoupling of tumor size, lymph-node status and prognosis in some subtypes of breast cancers might reflect an underlying disproportionate relationship between the number of cancer cells with metastatic potential and the size of the cancer. Alternatively, some small cancers might harbor cells that are inherently aggressive and are likely to metastasize. These observations have implications for the screening and treatment of breast cancers, particularly for women with basal-like and BRCA1-related breast cancers.read more
Citations
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Relation of tumor size, lymph node status, and survival in 24,740 breast cancer cases
TL;DR: The results of the analyses suggest that disease progression to distant sites does not occur exclusively via the axillary lymph nodes, but rather that lymph node status serves as an indicator of the tumor's ability to spread.
Journal ArticleDOI
The descriptive epidemiology of female breast cancer: an international comparison of screening, incidence, survival and mortality
TL;DR: The future worldwide breast cancer burden will be strongly influenced by large predicted rises in incidence throughout parts of Asia due to an increasingly "westernised" lifestyle.
Journal ArticleDOI
Basal-like and triple-negative breast cancers: a critical review with an emphasis on the implications for pathologists and oncologists
Sunil Badve,David J. Dabbs,Stuart J. Schnitt,Frederick L. Baehner,Thomas Decker,Vincenzo Eusebi,Stephen B. Fox,Shu Ichihara,Jocelyne Jacquemier,Sunil R. Lakhani,José Palacios,Emad A. Rakha,Andrea L. Richardson,Fernando Schmitt,Puay Hoon Tan,Gary Tse,Britta Weigelt,Ian O. Ellis,Jorge S. Reis-Filho +18 more
TL;DR: The purpose of this article was to discuss the relationship between basal-like and triple-negative breast cancers, and to clarify practical implications of these diagnoses for pathologists and oncologists.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic heterogeneity and cancer drug resistance
TL;DR: The potential role of clonal heterogeneity in resistance to targeted therapy is described, genetic instability as one of its causes is discussed, and detail approaches to tackle intra-tumour heterogeneity in the clinic are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic interactions in cancer progression and treatment.
TL;DR: The genetic principles at play in cancer are emerging in all their complexity, prompting the assessment of classical genetic interaction models and their implications for cancer progression and heterogeneity and for the development of new therapeutic approaches.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Systematic Review: Process of Forming Academic Service Partnerships to Reform Clinical Education
TL;DR: This study’s findings can provide practical guidelines to steer partnership programs within the academic and clinical bodies, with the aim of providing a collaborative partnership approach to clinical education.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gene expression profiling predicts clinical outcome of breast cancer
Laura J. van't Veer,Hongyue Dai,Marc J. van de Vijver,Yudong D. He,Augustinus A. M. Hart,Mao Mao,Hans Peterse,Karin van der Kooy,Matthew J. Marton,Anke T. Witteveen,George J. Schreiber,Ron M. Kerkhoven,Christopher J. Roberts,Peter S. Linsley,René Bernards,Stephen H. Friend +15 more
TL;DR: DNA microarray analysis on primary breast tumours of 117 young patients is used and supervised classification is applied to identify a gene expression signature strongly predictive of a short interval to distant metastases (‘poor prognosis’ signature) in patients without tumour cells in local lymph nodes at diagnosis, providing a strategy to select patients who would benefit from adjuvant therapy.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Generates Cells with Properties of Stem Cells
Sendurai A. Mani,Wenjun Guo,Mai Jing Liao,Elinor Ng Eaton,Ayyakkannu Ayyanan,Alicia Y. Zhou,Mary W. Brooks,Ferenc Reinhard,Cheng Cheng Zhang,Michail Shipitsin,Lauren L. Campbell,Kornelia Polyak,Cathrin Brisken,Jing Yang,Robert A. Weinberg +14 more
TL;DR: It is reported that the induction of an EMT in immortalized human mammary epithelial cells (HMLEs) results in the acquisition of mesenchymal traits and in the expression of stem-cell markers, and it is shown that those cells have an increased ability to form mammospheres, a property associated with mammARY epithelial stem cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Clinical Features and Patterns of Recurrence
Rebecca Dent,Maureen E. Trudeau,Kathleen I. Pritchard,Wedad Hanna,Harriet K. Kahn,Carol Sawka,Lavina Lickley,Ellen Rawlinson,Ping Sun,Steven A. Narod +9 more
TL;DR: Triple-negative breast cancers have a more aggressive clinical course than other forms of breast cancer, but the adverse effect is transient.
Journal ArticleDOI
Race, breast cancer subtypes, and survival in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study.
Lisa A. Carey,Charles M. Perou,Chad A. Livasy,Lynn G. Dressler,David Cowan,Kathleen Conway,Gamze Karaca,Melissa A. Troester,Chiu Kit Tse,Sharon N. Edmiston,Sandra L. Deming,Joseph Geradts,Maggie C.U. Cheang,Torsten O. Nielsen,Patricia G. Moorman,H. Shelton Earp,Robert C. Millikan +16 more
TL;DR: Basal-like breast tumors occurred at a higher prevalence among premenopausal African American patients compared with postmenopausal American and non-African American patients in this population-based study, and their associations with tumor size, axillary nodal status, mitotic index, nuclear pleomorphism, combined grade, p53 mutation status, and breast cancer-specific survival were examined.
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