Type Ia supernova discoveries at z > 1 from the Hubble Space Telescope: Evidence for past deceleration and constraints on dark energy evolution
Adam G. Riess,Louis-Gregory Strolger,John L. Tonry,Stefano Casertano,Henry C. Ferguson,Bahram Mobasher,Peter Challis,Alexei V. Filippenko,Saurabh Jha,Weidong Li,Ryan Chornock,Robert P. Kirshner,Bruno Leibundgut,Mark Dickinson,Mario Livio,Mauro Giavalisco,Charles C. Steidel,Txitxo Benítez,Zlatan Tsvetanov +18 more
TLDR
For a flat universe with a cosmological constant, the transition between the two epochs is constrained to be at z = 0.46 ± 0.13 as mentioned in this paper, and w = -1.02 ± (and w < -0.76 at the 95% confidence level) for an assumed static equation of state of dark energy.Abstract:
We have discovered 16 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and have used them to provide the first conclusive evidence for cosmic deceleration that preceded the current epoch of cosmic acceleration. These objects, discovered during the course of the GOODS ACS Treasury program, include 6 of the 7 highest redshift SNe Ia known, all at z > 1.25, and populate the Hubble diagram in unexplored territory. The luminosity distances to these objects and to 170 previously reported SNe Ia have been determined using empirical relations between light-curve shape and luminosity. A purely kinematic interpretation of the SN Ia sample provides evidence at the greater than 99% confidence level for a transition from deceleration to acceleration or, similarly, strong evidence for a cosmic jerk. Using a simple model of the expansion history, the transition between the two epochs is constrained to be at z = 0.46 ± 0.13. The data are consistent with the cosmic concordance model of ΩM ≈ 0.3, ΩΛ ≈ 0.7 (χ = 1.06) and are inconsistent with a simple model of evolution or dust as an alternative to dark energy. For a flat universe with a cosmological constant, we measure ΩM = 0.29 ± (equivalently, ΩΛ = 0.71). When combined with external flat-universe constraints, including the cosmic microwave background and large-scale structure, we find w = -1.02 ± (and w < -0.76 at the 95% confidence level) for an assumed static equation of state of dark energy, P = wρc2. Joint constraints on both the recent equation of state of dark energy, w0, and its time evolution, dw/dz, are a factor of ~8 more precise than the first estimates and twice as precise as those without the SNe Ia discovered with HST. Our constraints are consistent with the static nature of and value of w expected for a cosmological constant (i.e., w0 = -1.0, dw/dz = 0) and are inconsistent with very rapid evolution of dark energy. We address consequences of evolving dark energy for the fate of the universe.read more
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The Frontier Fields: Survey Design
Jennifer M. Lotz,Anton M. Koekemoer,Dan Coe,Norman A. Grogin,Peter Capak,J. Mack,Jonathan Anderson,Roberto J. Avila,Elizabeth A. Barker,D. Borncamp,Gabriel B. Brammer,M. Durbin,Heather C. Gunning,Bryan Hilbert,H. Jenkner,Harish Khandrika,Zolt Levay,Ray A. Lucas,John W. MacKenty,Sara Ogaz,Blair Porterfield,N. Reid,Massimo Robberto,P. Royle,Linda J. Smith,Lisa J. Storrie-Lombardi,B. Sunnquist,Jason Surace,D. C. Taylor,Roy Williams,James S. Bullock,Mark Dickinson,Steven L. Finkelstein,Priya Natarajan,Johan Richard,Brant Robertson,Jason Tumlinson,Adi Zitrin,Kathryn Flanagan,Kenneth R. Sembach,B. T. Soifer,Matt Mountain +41 more
TL;DR: The Frontier Fields as discussed by the authors project combines the power of HST and Spitzer with the natural gravitational telescopes of massive high-magnification clusters of galaxies to produce the deepest observations of clusters and their lensed galaxies ever obtained.
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Null energy condition and superluminal propagation
Sergei Dubovsky,Sergei Dubovsky,Thomas Gregoire,Thomas Gregoire,Alberto Nicolis,Riccardo Rattazzi +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the null energy condition is violated in a large class of situations, including isotropic solids and fluids relevant for cosmology, and the existence of superluminal modes is shown to imply the presence of instabilities.
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The Observed Growth of Massive Galaxy Clusters I: Statistical Methods and Cosmological Constraints
Adam Mantz,Adam Mantz,Steven W. Allen,Steven W. Allen,David Rapetti,David Rapetti,Harald Ebeling +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors derive simultaneous constraints on cosmological parameters and X-ray scaling relations using observations of the growth of massive, Xray flux-selected galaxy clusters.
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Effects of Baryons and Dissipation on the Matter Power Spectrum
TL;DR: In this article, the importance of baryonic physics on predictions of the matter power spectrum was quantified using a set of cosmological numerical simulations, and it was shown that the effect of these processes on the power spectrum of weak-lensing data is significant.
Journal ArticleDOI
The dependence of Type Ia Supernovae luminosities on their host galaxies
Mark Sullivan,A. Conley,D. A. Howell,D. A. Howell,James D. Neill,Pierre Astier,Christophe Balland,S. Basa,Raymond G. Carlberg,Dominique Fouchez,Julien Guy,D. Hardin,I. M. Hook,I. M. Hook,Reynald Pain,Nathalie Palanque-Delabrouille,Kathy Perrett,Kathy Perrett,C. J. Pritchet,Nicolas Regnault,J. Rich,V. Ruhlmann-Kleider,S. Baumont,S. Baumont,Eric Hsiao,T. Kronborg,C. Lidman,Saul Perlmutter,Saul Perlmutter,E. S. Walker +29 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the Supernova Legacy Survey (SNLS) and other data to show that there is an additional dependence on the global characteristics of their host galaxies: events of the same light-curve shape and colour are, on average, 0.08mag (~4.0sigma) brighter in massive host galaxies (presumably metal-rich) and galaxies with low specific star-formation rates (sSFR).
References
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Measurements of Omega and Lambda from 42 High-Redshift Supernovae
Saul Perlmutter,Saul Perlmutter,Greg Aldering,Gerson Goldhaber,Gerson Goldhaber,R. A. Knop,Peter Nugent,P. G. Castro,P. G. Castro,Susana E. Deustua,Sebastien Fabbro,Sebastien Fabbro,A. Goobar,A. Goobar,Donald E. Groom,I. M. Hook,I. M. Hook,A. G. Kim,A. G. Kim,A. G. Kim,M. Y. Kim,Julia C. Lee,Julia C. Lee,Nelson J. Nunes,Nelson J. Nunes,Reynald Pain,Reynald Pain,C. R. Pennypacker,C. R. Pennypacker,Robert Quimby,Christopher Lidman,Richard S. Ellis,Mike Irwin,Richard G. McMahon,Pilar Ruiz-Lapuente,Nicholas A. Walton,Bradley E. Schaefer,B. J. Boyle,Alexei V. Filippenko,Thomas Matheson,A. S. Fruchter,Nino Panagia,Nino Panagia,Heidi Jo Newberg,Warrick J. Couch +44 more
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Observational Evidence from Supernovae for an Accelerating Universe and a Cosmological Constant
Adam G. Riess,Alexei V. Filippenko,Peter Challis,Alejandro Clocchiatti,Alan H. Diercks,Peter M. Garnavich,R. L. Gilliland,Craig J. Hogan,Saurabh Jha,Robert P. Kirshner,Bruno Leibundgut,Mark M. Phillips,David J Reiss,Brian P. Schmidt,R. A. Schommer,R. Chris Smith,R. Chris Smith,Jason Spyromilio,Christopher W. Stubbs,Nicholas B. Suntzeff,John L. Tonry +20 more
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Observational Evidence from Supernovae for an Accelerating Universe and a Cosmological Constant
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present observations of 10 type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) between 0.16 0 and 4.0 sigma confidence levels, for two fitting methods respectively.
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