Type Ia supernova discoveries at z > 1 from the Hubble Space Telescope: Evidence for past deceleration and constraints on dark energy evolution
Adam G. Riess,Louis-Gregory Strolger,John L. Tonry,Stefano Casertano,Henry C. Ferguson,Bahram Mobasher,Peter Challis,Alexei V. Filippenko,Saurabh Jha,Weidong Li,Ryan Chornock,Robert P. Kirshner,Bruno Leibundgut,Mark Dickinson,Mario Livio,Mauro Giavalisco,Charles C. Steidel,Txitxo Benítez,Zlatan Tsvetanov +18 more
TLDR
For a flat universe with a cosmological constant, the transition between the two epochs is constrained to be at z = 0.46 ± 0.13 as mentioned in this paper, and w = -1.02 ± (and w < -0.76 at the 95% confidence level) for an assumed static equation of state of dark energy.Abstract:
We have discovered 16 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and have used them to provide the first conclusive evidence for cosmic deceleration that preceded the current epoch of cosmic acceleration. These objects, discovered during the course of the GOODS ACS Treasury program, include 6 of the 7 highest redshift SNe Ia known, all at z > 1.25, and populate the Hubble diagram in unexplored territory. The luminosity distances to these objects and to 170 previously reported SNe Ia have been determined using empirical relations between light-curve shape and luminosity. A purely kinematic interpretation of the SN Ia sample provides evidence at the greater than 99% confidence level for a transition from deceleration to acceleration or, similarly, strong evidence for a cosmic jerk. Using a simple model of the expansion history, the transition between the two epochs is constrained to be at z = 0.46 ± 0.13. The data are consistent with the cosmic concordance model of ΩM ≈ 0.3, ΩΛ ≈ 0.7 (χ = 1.06) and are inconsistent with a simple model of evolution or dust as an alternative to dark energy. For a flat universe with a cosmological constant, we measure ΩM = 0.29 ± (equivalently, ΩΛ = 0.71). When combined with external flat-universe constraints, including the cosmic microwave background and large-scale structure, we find w = -1.02 ± (and w < -0.76 at the 95% confidence level) for an assumed static equation of state of dark energy, P = wρc2. Joint constraints on both the recent equation of state of dark energy, w0, and its time evolution, dw/dz, are a factor of ~8 more precise than the first estimates and twice as precise as those without the SNe Ia discovered with HST. Our constraints are consistent with the static nature of and value of w expected for a cosmological constant (i.e., w0 = -1.0, dw/dz = 0) and are inconsistent with very rapid evolution of dark energy. We address consequences of evolving dark energy for the fate of the universe.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Superacceleration as the signature of a dark sector interaction
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that an interaction between dark matter and dark energy generically results in an effective dark energy equation of state of w <-1, which is consistent with all current observations, the tightest constraint coming from estimates of the matter density at different redshifts.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Survey About Nothing: Monitoring a Million Supergiants for Failed Supernovae
Christopher S. Kochanek,John F. Beacom,Matthew D. Kistler,J. L. Prieto,Krzysztof Z. Stanek,Todd A. Thompson,Hasan Yüksel +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, a survey of galaxies within a distance of 10 Mpc in order to watch ~106 supergiants was carried out, where it is possible to determine the fates of these stars, whether they end with a bang (supernova) or a whimper (fall out of sight).
Journal ArticleDOI
The Hubble Higher z Supernova Search: Supernovae to z 1.6 and Constraints on Type Ia Progenitor Models
Louis-Gregory Strolger,Adam G. Riess,Tomas Dahlen,Mario Livio,Nino Panagia,Nino Panagia,Peter Challis,John L. Tonry,Alexei V. Filippenko,Ryan Chornock,Henry C. Ferguson,Anton M. Koekemoer,Bahram Mobasher,Bahram Mobasher,Mark Dickinson,Mauro Giavalisco,Stefano Casertano,Richard Hook,Stephane Bondin,Bruno Leibundgut,Mario Nonino,Piero Rosati,Hyron Spinrad,Charles C. Steidel,Daniel Stern,Peter M. Garnavich,Thomas Matheson,Norman A. Grogin,Ann Hornschemeier,C. Kretchmer,Victoria G. Laidler,Kyoung-Soo Lee,Ray A. Lucas,Duilia F. de Mello,Leonidas A. Moustakas,Swara Ravindranath,M. Richardson,Edward N. Taylor +37 more
TL;DR: The first space-based open field survey for supernovae (SNe) was conducted by the Hubble Higher z Supernova Search (HHSSSSS) as mentioned in this paper, which used the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACFS) to cover 300 arcmin2 in the area of the Chandra Deep Field South and the Hubble Deep Field North on five separate search epochs (separated by ~45 day intervals) to a limiting magnitude of F850LP ≈ 26.6.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the possible running of the cosmological “constant”
Ilya L. Shapiro,Joan Sola +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that in curved space-time, the cosmological constant Λ has a mild running behavior associated with quantum effects, which could be the very origin of the dynamical nature of the Dark Energy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Could dark energy be vector-like?
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore whether a vector field can be the origin of the present stage of cosmic acceleration, and they show that in order to avoid violations of isotropy, the vector has to be part of a cosmic triad, that is, a set of three identical vectors pointing in mutually orthogonal spatial directions.
References
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Measurements of Omega and Lambda from 42 High-Redshift Supernovae
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Observational Evidence from Supernovae for an Accelerating Universe and a Cosmological Constant
Adam G. Riess,Alexei V. Filippenko,Peter Challis,Alejandro Clocchiatti,Alan H. Diercks,Peter M. Garnavich,R. L. Gilliland,Craig J. Hogan,Saurabh Jha,Robert P. Kirshner,Bruno Leibundgut,Mark M. Phillips,David J Reiss,Brian P. Schmidt,R. A. Schommer,R. Chris Smith,R. Chris Smith,Jason Spyromilio,Christopher W. Stubbs,Nicholas B. Suntzeff,John L. Tonry +20 more
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Observational Evidence from Supernovae for an Accelerating Universe and a Cosmological Constant
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present observations of 10 type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) between 0.16 0 and 4.0 sigma confidence levels, for two fitting methods respectively.
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