Undersampling bias: the null hypothesis for singleton species in tropical arthropod surveys
Jonathan A. Coddington,Ingi Agnarsson,Ingi Agnarsson,Jeremy A. Miller,Matjaž Kuntner,Matjaž Kuntner,Gustavo Hormiga +6 more
TLDR
The lognormal distribution deserves greater consideration as a richness estimator when undersampling bias is severe, and should be the default null hypothesis for singleton frequencies.Abstract:
Summary 1. Frequency of singletons ‐ species represented by single individuals ‐ is anomalously high in most large tropical arthropod surveys (average, 32%). 2. We sampled 5965 adult spiders of 352 species (29% singletons) from 1 ha of lowland tropical moist forest in Guyana. 3. Four common hypotheses (small body size, male-biased sex ratio, cryptic habits, clumped distributions) failed to explain singleton frequency. Singletons are larger than other species, not gender-biased, share no particular lifestyle, and are not clumped at 0·25‐1 ha scales. 4. Monte Carlo simulation of the best-fit lognormal community shows that the observed data fit a random sample from a community of ~700 species and 1‐2 million individuals, implying approximately 4% true singleton frequency. 5. Undersampling causes systematic negative bias of species richness, and should be the default null hypothesis for singleton frequencies. 6. Drastically greater sampling intensity in tropical arthropod inventory studies is required to yield realistic species richness estimates. 7. The lognormal distribution deserves greater consideration as a richness estimator when undersampling bias is severe.read more
Citations
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Coverage‐based rarefaction and extrapolation: standardizing samples by completeness rather than size
Anne Chao,Lou Jost +1 more
TL;DR: An integrated sampling, rarefaction, and extrapolation methodology to compare species richness of a set of communities based on samples of equal completeness (as measured by sample coverage) instead of equal size is proposed.
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Global patterns of bacterial beta-diversity in seafloor and seawater ecosystems.
Lucie Zinger,Linda A. Amaral-Zettler,Jed A. Fuhrman,M. Claire Horner-Devine,Susan M. Huse,David B. Mark Welch,Jennifer B. H. Martiny,Mitchell L. Sogin,Antje Boetius,Antje Boetius,Alban Ramette,Alban Ramette +11 more
TL;DR: This first synthesis of global bacterial distribution across different ecosystems of the World's oceans shows remarkable horizontal and vertical large-scale patterns in bacterial communities, opening interesting perspectives for the definition of biogeographical biomes for bacteria of ocean waters and the seabed.
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Arthropod diversity in a tropical forest
Yves Basset,Yves Basset,Yves Basset,Lukas Cizek,Lukas Cizek,Philippe Cuenoud,Raphael K. Didham,François Guilhaumon,Olivier Missa,Vojtech Novotny,Vojtech Novotny,Frode Ødegaard,Tomas Roslin,Juergen Schmidl,Alexey K. Tishechkin,Neville N. Winchester,David W. Roubik,Henri-Pierre Aberlenc,Johannes Bail,Héctor Barrios,Jon R. Bridle,Gabriela Castaño-Meneses,Bruno Corbara,Gianfranco Curletti,Wesley Duarte da Rocha,Domir De Bakker,Jacques H. C. Delabie,Alain Dejean,Laura L. Fagan,Andreas Floren,Roger L. Kitching,Enrique Medianero,Scott E. Miller,Evandro Gama de Oliveira,Jérôme Orivel,Marc Pollet,Mathieu Rapp,Sérvio P. Ribeiro,Yves Roisin,Jesper B. Schmidt,Line Sørensen,Maurice Leponce +41 more
TL;DR: This work sampled the phylogenetic breadth of arthropod taxa from the soil to the forest canopy in the San Lorenzo forest, Panama using a comprehensive range of structured protocols and found that models based on plant diversity fitted the accumulated species richness of both herbivore and nonherbivore taxa exceptionally well.
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Global Patterns of Guild Composition and Functional Diversity of Spiders
TL;DR: Spiders in tropical regions seem to have higher redundancy of functional roles and/or finer resource partitioning than in temperate regions, and functional diversity seems to be also influenced by altitude and habitat structure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structural variability and niche differentiation in the rhizosphere and endosphere bacterial microbiome of field-grown poplar trees
Bram Beckers,Michiel Op De Beeck,Michiel Op De Beeck,Nele Weyens,Wout Boerjan,Jaco Vangronsveld +5 more
TL;DR: Understanding the complex host–microbe interactions of Populus could provide the basis for the exploitation of the eukaryote–prokaryote associations in phytoremediation applications, sustainable crop production (bio-energy efficiency), and/or the production of secondary metabolites.
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