China Three Gorges University

About: China Three Gorges University is a education organization based out in Yichang, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Landslide. The organization has 11161 authors who have published 8011 publications receiving 82224 citations. The organization is also known as: Sanxia Daxue.

Development for Whom? Rural to Urban Resettlement at the Three Gorges Dam, China

Abstract: When farmers are dispossessed of their lands to make way for a development project it is often inevitable that there will not be enough land to go around. It is unlikely that parcels of fertile land are lying vacant in the surrounding areas awaiting distribution. It therefore becomes necessary for people who previously derived their livelihoods from the land to move into cities. This research explores what happens to a sample of such people and whether they are able to restore their livelihoods. It examines the Three Gorges Dam resettlement in China's Hubei province and discovers that while the Chinese government has devised an inspired toolbox of benefit-sharing initiatives, the gains accrue to a minority who live in the most amenable location of the Three Gorges area. It concludes that the availability of capital through benefit-sharing initiatives does not guarantee its productive use.

Photocatalytic CO2 conversion over single-atom MoN2 sites of covalent organic framework

Abstract: The application of covalent organic framework (COF) for photocatalytic CO2 conversion has received more and more attention. However, it is still a challenge for photocatalytic conversion of CO2 with atmosphere concentration to high added value hydrocarbons products (CxHy) such as CH4 and C2H4. Here, integrating the advantages of micropore structure and single atom catalysis, we introduced single- atom MoN2 sites into COF to construct Mo-COF materials. The aberration-COrrected high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF- STEM) confirms that Mo single atom on COF. Mo-COF can reduce CO2 to CxHy under visible light with a selectivity of 42.92 % and C2H4 product was found for the the first time. In-situ fourier transform infrared spectrometer (In situ FT-IR) and theoretical calculation showed that the introduction of single-atom MoN2 sites is the key to improving the catalysis performance. It also provides a new idea for converting CO2 into high added value CxHy products.

CYP4A in tumor-associated macrophages promotes pre-metastatic niche formation and metastasis.

Abstract: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an essential role in metastasis. However, what enables TAMs to have a superior capacity to establish pre-metastatic microenvironment in distant organs is unclear. Here we have begun to uncover the effects of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4A in TAMs on lung pre-metastatic niche formation and metastasis. CYP4A+ TAM infiltration was positively associated with metastasis, pre-metastatic niche formation and poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. The pharmacological inhibition of CYP4A reduced lung pre-metastatic niche formation (evidenced by a decrease in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 positive (VEGFR1+) myeloid cell recruitment and pro-metastatic protein expression) and metastatic burden, accompanied with TAM polarization away from the M2 phenotype in spontaneous metastasis models of 4T1 breast cancer and B16F10 melanoma. Co-implantation of 4T1 cells with CYP4A10high macrophages promoted lung pre-metastatic niche formation and metastasis. Depletion of TAMs disrupted lung pre-metastatic niches and thereby prevented metastasis. Treatment with the CM from CYP4A10high M2 macrophages (M2) increased pre-metastatic niche formation and metastatic burden in the lungs, whereas CYP4A inhibition attenuated these effects. In vitro TAM polarization away from the M2 phenotype induced by CYP4A inhibition decreased VEGFR1+ myeloid cell migration and fibronectin expression, accompanied with downregulation of STAT3 signaling. Conversely, overexpression of CYP4A or exogenous addition of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid promoted M2 polarization and cytokine production of macrophages and thereby enhanced migration of VEGFR1+ myeloid cells, which were reversed by siRNA or pharmacological inhibition of STAT3. Importantly, a combined blocking M2 macrophage-derived factors TGF-β, VEGF and SDF-1 abolished VEGFR1+ myeloid cell migration and fibroblast activation induced by CYP4A. In summary, CYP4A in TAMs is crucial for lung pre-metastatic niche formation and metastasis, and may serve as a potential therapeutic target in human cancer.

Global Finite-Time Observers for Lipschitz Nonlinear Systems

Abstract: This technical note presents a global finite-time observer design for a class of systems with Lipschitz nonlinearity. By applying a finite-time stability theorem and a careful selection of the homogeneity powers and weights, the problem of global and finite-time stable observers is studied. An observer design procedure is given and a numerical example is provided to illustrate the design method.