Miami University

About: Miami University is a education organization based out in Oxford, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 9949 authors who have published 19598 publications receiving 568410 citations. The organization is also known as: Miami of Ohio & Miami-Ohio.

Measuring Latinos: Racial vs. Ethnic Classification and Self-Understandings

Abstract: The measurement of Hispanics in the 2000 U.S. Census significantly skews the racial identification of the Hispanic population in America. The literature on racial and ethnic identification, however, lacks serious engagement with the social psychology of self-identification. We draw on social identity theory to demonstrate how the process of individual self-categorization reinforces a society structured along racial and ethnic lines. This understanding of the psychological processes through which individuals categorize themselves and others leads to the conclusion that academic distinctions between "race" and "ethnicity" do not adequately reflect the social categories employed by Americans responding to the current U.S. government format for racial self-identification. Using a nationally representative sample, we demonstrate that a significant portion of self-reported Hispanics treat that identity as a race, most often by choosing "other" when asked for their racial classification. Ultimately, we advocate including "Hispanic" as one of the choices in what is currently called the "race question." This approach more accurately captures the lived experience of those who claim an Hispanic identity.

Phylogenetic systematics of the Rana signata complex of Philippine and Bornean stream frogs: reconsideration of Huxley's modification of Wallace's Line at the Oriental-Australian faunal zone interface

Abstract: We addressed the evolutionary relationships and biogeographical patterns of a model organism of low relative dispersal ability by electrophoretically assaying the products of 42 presumptive gene loci in Philippine and Bornean members of the Rana signata complex of SE Asian stream frogs. Utilizing three distantly related species of ranid frogs to deeply root trees consisting of five more closely-related species and six in-group species of the Rana signata complex, we conducted phylogenetic analyses that produced concordant topologies, regardless of the data coding strategy employed. All analyses support the hypothesis of monophyly for the Rana signata complex on the whole, but none provides support for the monophyly of its Philippine members. Our analyses of morphometric and allozyme data (along with biogeographical information) indicate that (1) most previously-recognized Philippine and Bornean subspecies of the Rana signata complex should be recognized as full species in appreciation of their status as independent evolutionary lineages; (2) Rana picturata Boulenger (until very recently included in the synonymy of Rana signata signata) is deserving of specific rank; (3) the Mindoro Isl. (Philippine) population, previously confused with Rana signata similis of Luzon Isl. is a new species; (4) two major clades (((R. signata (R. grandocula + R. similis)) + (R. picturata (R. mangyanum + R. moellendorffi))) of Bornean + Philippine lineages are recognized, corresponding to two separate faunal exchanges between the Philippines and the edge of the Sunda Shelf; (5) invasions of the oceanic portions of the Philippine islands from the Sunda Shelf have occurred along both the eastern (Sulus–Mindanao–Samar–Leyte–Luzon) arc and the western (Palawan–Busuanga–Mindoro) island arcs; (6) northern reaches of Wallace’s Line (as modified by Huxley) include exceptions to an otherwise discrete faunal separation. These results suggest the need for revision of this biogeographical barrier, increased recognition of temporal patterns of island connectedness and geographical proximity, and/or a greater appreciation of dispersal abilities of ranid frogs. © 2002 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2002, 76, 393–461.

Prospect of Stem Cells in Bone Tissue Engineering: A Review

Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been the subject of many studies in recent years, ranging from basic science that looks into MSCs properties to studies that aim for developing bioengineered tissues and organs. Adult bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have been the focus of most studies due to the inherent potential of these cells to differentiate into various cell types. Although, the discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represents a paradigm shift in our understanding of cellular differentiation. These cells are another attractive stem cell source because of their ability to be reprogramed, allowing the generation of multiple cell types from a single cell. This paper briefly covers various types of stem cell sources that have been used for tissue engineering applications, with a focus on bone regeneration. Then, an overview of some recent studies making use of MSC-seeded 3D scaffold systems for bone tissue engineering has been presented. The emphasis has been placed on the reported scaffold properties that tend to improve MSCs adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation outcomes.

Looking at mycology with a Janus face: a glimpse at chytridiomycetes active in the environment

Abstract: (1993). Looking at Mycology with a Janus Face: A Glimpse at Chytridiomycetes Active in the Environment. Mycologia: Vol. 85, No. 1, pp. 1-20.