Institution
Trinity College, Dublin
Education•Dublin, Dublin, Ireland•
About: Trinity College, Dublin is a education organization based out in Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 20576 authors who have published 48296 publications receiving 1780313 citations.
Topics: Population, Context (language use), Irish, Health care, Mental health
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate the effects of injection of plasmonic carriers from an optically excited metal nanocrystal to a semiconductor contact or to surface molecules.
Abstract: We investigate theoretically the effects of generation and injection of plasmonic carriers from an optically excited metal nanocrystal to a semiconductor contact or to surface molecules. The energy distributions of optically excited hot carriers are dramatically different in metal nanocrystals with large and small sizes. In large nanocrystals, the majority of hot carriers has very small excitation energies, and the excited-carrier distribution resembles the case of a plasmon wave in bulk. For nanocrystal sizes smaller than 20 nm, the carrier distribution extends to larger energies and occupies the whole region EF < e < EF + ℏω. The physical reason for the above behaviors is nonconservation of momentum in a nanocrystal. Because of the above properties, nanocrystals of small sizes are most suitable for designing opto-electronic and photosynthetic devices based on injection of plasmonic electrons and holes. For gold nanocrystals, the optimal sizes for efficient generation of hot carriers with overbarrier ene...
488 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the surface energies of selected solvents, such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), N,N-dimethylacetamide(DMA), and g-butyrolactone (GBL), match very well that of graphite ( 270-80mJm ), resulting in a minimal energy cost ofovercoming the van der Waals forces between two graphenesheets, hence the effective exfoliation to graphene single or fewlayers.
Abstract: All dispersions werestable against sedimentation and with only minimal aggregationoccurring over a period of weeks. Experimental and theoreticalanalyses reveal that the surface energies of the selected solvents,say, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), N,N-dimethylacetamide(DMA), and g-butyrolactone (GBL), match very well that ofgraphite ( 270–80mJm ), resulting in a minimal energy cost ofovercoming the van der Waals forces between two graphenesheets, hence the effective exfoliation to graphene single or fewlayers.
486 citations
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TL;DR: A PI3K- and Akt-independent pathway mediated by mTORC1 regulates expression of HIF1 in CD8+ T cells and is required to sustain glucose metabolism and regulate cell trafficking.
Abstract: mTORC1 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1) controls transcriptional programs that determine CD8 + cytolytic T cell (CTL) fate. In some cell systems, mTORC1 couples phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and Akt to the control of glucose uptake and glycolysis. However, PI3K–Akt-independent mechanisms control glucose metabolism in CD8 + T cells, and the role of mTORC1 has not been explored. The present study now demonstrates that mTORC1 activity in CD8 + T cells is not dependent on PI3K or Akt but is critical to sustain glucose uptake and glycolysis in CD8 + T cells. We also show that PI3K- and Akt-independent pathways mediated by mTORC1 regulate the expression of HIF1 (hypoxia-inducible factor 1) transcription factor complex. This mTORC1–HIF1 pathway is required to sustain glucose metabolism and glycolysis in effector CTLs and strikingly functions to couple mTORC1 to a diverse transcriptional program that controls expression of glucose transporters, multiple rate-limiting glycolytic enzymes, cytolytic effector molecules, and essential chemokine and adhesion receptors that regulate T cell trafficking. These data reveal a fundamental mechanism linking nutrient and oxygen sensing to transcriptional control of CD8 + T cell differentiation.
486 citations
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University of Amsterdam1, University of Verona2, University of Milan3, Karolinska University Hospital4, Mayo Clinic5, Heidelberg University6, Trinity College, Dublin7, University of Barcelona8, Medical University of Graz9, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens10, Technische Universität München11, Harvard University12, University of Belgrade13, University of Liverpool14, Tata Memorial Hospital15, University of Pennsylvania16, Thomas Jefferson University17, Freeman Hospital18
TL;DR: Standard lymphadenectomy for pancreatoduodenectomy should strive to resect Ln stations no. 5, 6, 8a, 12b1,12b2, 12c, 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b, 17a, and 17b, for cancers of the body and tail of the pancreas, removal of stations 10, 11, and 18 is standard.
484 citations
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TL;DR: MC were significantly increased in the caecum of IBS patients compared to controls, suggesting that the multiple effects of the intestinal mast cell alone, or as a participant of a persistent inflammatory response, may be fundamental to the pathogenesis of Ibs.
Abstract: Mast cells (MC) release potent mediators which alter enteric nerve and smooth muscle function and may play a role in the pathogenesis of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The aim of this study was to determine if MC were increased in the colon of IBS patients compared to controls. Biopsy specimens were obtained from the caecum, ascending colon, descending colon and rectum of 28 patients: 14 IBS (Rome criteria); seven normal; and seven inflammatory controls. Tissue was stained immunohistochemically using a monoclonal mouse antibody for human mast cell tryptase (AA1). Tissue area occupied by tryptase-positive MC (volume density of mast cells) was quantified by image analysis. The number of plasma cells, lymphocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils and macrophages were each graded semiquantitatively (0-4) in haematoxylin and eosin stained sections. Mast cell volume density was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in IBS (0.91 +/- 0.18; CI 0.79; 1.0) than normal controls (0.55 +/- 0.14; CI 0.40; 0.69) in the caecum but not at other sites. Apart from MC, there was no evidence of increased cellular infiltrate in the IBS group. MC were significantly increased in the caecum of IBS patients compared to controls. The multiple effects of the intestinal mast cell alone, or as a participant of a persistent inflammatory response, may be fundamental to the pathogenesis of IBS.
483 citations
Authors
Showing all 20853 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Edward Giovannucci | 206 | 1671 | 179875 |
Robin M. Murray | 171 | 1539 | 116362 |
Mark E. Cooper | 158 | 1463 | 124887 |
Stephen J. O'Brien | 153 | 1062 | 93025 |
Amartya Sen | 149 | 689 | 141907 |
Kevin Murphy | 146 | 728 | 120475 |
Peter M. Visscher | 143 | 694 | 118115 |
Mihai G. Netea | 142 | 1170 | 86908 |
Kristine Yaffe | 136 | 794 | 72250 |
Cisca Wijmenga | 136 | 668 | 86572 |
David A. Jackson | 136 | 1095 | 68352 |
Patrick F. Sullivan | 133 | 594 | 92298 |
Thomas N. Williams | 132 | 1145 | 95109 |
Paul Brennan | 132 | 1221 | 72748 |
David Taylor | 131 | 2469 | 93220 |