Université de Montréal

About: Université de Montréal is a education organization based out in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 45641 authors who have published 100476 publications receiving 4004007 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Montreal & UdeM.

Binary Black Hole Population Properties Inferred from the First and Second Observing Runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo

Abstract: We present results on the mass, spin, and redshift distributions with phenomenological population models using the 10 binary black hole (BBH) mergers detected in the first and second observing runs completed by Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. We constrain properties of the BBH mass spectrum using models with a range of parameterizations of the BBH mass and spin distributions. We find that the mass distribution of the more massive BH in such binaries is well approximated by models with no more than 1% of BHs more massive than 45 M and a power-law index of (90% credibility). We also show that BBHs are unlikely to be composed of BHs with large spins aligned to the orbital angular momentum. Modeling the evolution of the BBH merger rate with redshift, we show that it is flat or increasing with redshift with 93% probability. Marginalizing over uncertainties in the BBH population, we find robust estimates of the BBH merger rate density of R= (90% credibility). As the BBH catalog grows in future observing runs, we expect that uncertainties in the population model parameters will shrink, potentially providing insights into the formation of BHs via supernovae, binary interactions of massive stars, stellar cluster dynamics, and the formation history of BHs across cosmic time.

eIF4E phosphorylation promotes tumorigenesis and is associated with prostate cancer progression

Abstract: Translational regulation plays a critical role in the control of cell growth and proliferation A key player in translational control is eIF4E, the mRNA 5′ cap-binding protein Aberrant expression of eIF4E promotes tumorigenesis and has been implicated in cancer development and progression The activity of eIF4E is dysregulated in cancer Regulation of eIF4E is partly achieved through phosphorylation However, the physiological significance of eIF4E phosphorylation in mammals is not clear Here, we show that knock-in mice expressing a nonphosphorylatable form of eIF4E are resistant to tumorigenesis in a prostate cancer model By using a genome-wide analysis of translated mRNAs, we show that the phosphorylation of eIF4E is required for translational up-regulation of several proteins implicated in tumorigenesis Accordingly, increased phospho-eIF4E levels correlate with disease progression in patients with prostate cancer Our findings establish eIF4E phosphorylation as a critical event in tumorigenesis These findings raise the possibility that chemical compounds that prevent the phosphorylation of eIF4E could act as anticancer drugs