Institution
University of Antananarivo
Education•Antananarivo, Madagascar•
About: University of Antananarivo is a education organization based out in Antananarivo, Madagascar. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Lemur. The organization has 1561 authors who have published 1703 publications receiving 30922 citations. The organization is also known as: Tananarive University & Antananarivo University.
Topics: Population, Lemur, Biodiversity, Animal ecology, Species richness
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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National Autonomous University of Mexico1, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign2, Liverpool John Moores University3, Universidade Federal de Sergipe4, Federal University of Bahia5, Oxford Brookes University6, Wildlife Conservation Society7, University of Stirling8, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul9, University of Notre Dame10, University of Calgary11, Universidade Federal de Goiás12, Rio de Janeiro State University13, Leibniz Association14, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo15, University of Antananarivo16, Federal University of São Paulo17, University of Indonesia18, Mahidol University International College19, The Aspinall Foundation20
TL;DR: The anthropogenic pressures each country is facing that place their primate populations at risk are examined and the key challenges faced by the four countries to avert primate extinctions now and in the future are listed.
Abstract: Primates occur in 90 countries, but four-Brazil, Madagascar, Indonesia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)-harbor 65% of the world's primate species (439) and 60% of these primates are Threatened, Endangered, or Critically Endangered (IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017-3). Considering their importance for global primate conservation, we examine the anthropogenic pressures each country is facing that place their primate populations at risk. Habitat loss and fragmentation are main threats to primates in Brazil, Madagascar, and Indonesia. However, in DRC hunting for the commercial bushmeat trade is the primary threat. Encroachment on primate habitats driven by local and global market demands for food and non-food commodities hunting, illegal trade, the proliferation of invasive species, and human and domestic-animal borne infectious diseases cause habitat loss, population declines, and extirpation. Modeling agricultural expansion in the 21st century for the four countries under a worst-case-scenario, showed a primate range contraction of 78% for Brazil, 72% for Indonesia, 62% for Madagascar, and 32% for DRC. These pressures unfold in the context of expanding human populations with low levels of development. Weak governance across these four countries may limit effective primate conservation planning. We examine landscape and local approaches to effective primate conservation policies and assess the distribution of protected areas and primates in each country. Primates in Brazil and Madagascar have 38% of their range inside protected areas, 17% in Indonesia and 14% in DRC, suggesting that the great majority of primate populations remain vulnerable. We list the key challenges faced by the four countries to avert primate extinctions now and in the future. In the short term, effective law enforcement to stop illegal hunting and illegal forest destruction is absolutely key. Long-term success can only be achieved by focusing local and global public awareness, and actively engaging with international organizations, multinational businesses and consumer nations to reduce unsustainable demands on the environment. Finally, the four primate range countries need to ensure that integrated, sustainable land-use planning for economic development includes the maintenance of biodiversity and intact, functional natural ecosystems.
119 citations
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Graduate University for Advanced Studies1, Fudan University2, University of Yamanashi3, National Institute of Polar Research4, Tokyo Institute of Technology5, University of Porto6, University of Copenhagen7, University of Tokyo8, University of Tsukuba9, University of Miyazaki10, University of Antananarivo11, Yamashina Institute for Ornithology12, Tokyo University of Information Sciences13, Kyushu University14, Tokyo University of Agriculture15
TL;DR: A new evolutionary scenario is proposed thatContradicts the traditional view of the origin and evolution of Palaeognathae and identifies homoplasies in morphological traits of paleognaths and reconstructed their morphology-based phylogeny including fossil species without molecular data.
118 citations
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University of Queensland1, University College London2, Canterbury Archaeological Trust3, University of Bristol4, University of Cambridge5, University of Michigan6, Simon Fraser University7, Virginia Commonwealth University8, University of Antananarivo9, University of Oxford10, University of the Balearic Islands11, Max Planck Society12
TL;DR: New archaeobotanical data are presented that show that Southeast Asian settlers brought Asian crops with them when they settled in Africa, providing the first, to the authors' knowledge, reliable archaeological window into the Southeast Asian colonization of Madagascar.
Abstract: The Austronesian settlement of the remote island of Madagascar remains one of the great puzzles of Indo-Pacific prehistory. Although linguistic, ethnographic, and genetic evidence points clearly to a colonization of Madagascar by Austronesian language-speaking people from Island Southeast Asia, decades of archaeological research have failed to locate evidence for a Southeast Asian signature in the island's early material record. Here, we present new archaeobotanical data that show that Southeast Asian settlers brought Asian crops with them when they settled in Africa. These crops provide the first, to our knowledge, reliable archaeological window into the Southeast Asian colonization of Madagascar. They additionally suggest that initial Southeast Asian settlement in Africa was not limited to Madagascar, but also extended to the Comoros. Archaeobotanical data may support a model of indirect Austronesian colonization of Madagascar from the Comoros and/or elsewhere in eastern Africa.
117 citations
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TL;DR: The evidence shows that foragers with a microlithic technology were active in Madagascar long before the arrival of farmers and herders and before many Late Holocene faunal extinctions.
Abstract: Past research on Madagascar indicates that village communities were established about AD 500 by people of both Indonesian and East African heritage. Evidence of earlier visits is scattered and contentious. Recent archaeological excavations in northern Madagascar provide evidence of occupational sites with microlithic stone technologies related to foraging for forest and coastal resources. A forager occupation of one site dates to earlier than 2000 B.C., doubling the length of Madagascar’s known occupational history, and thus the time during which people exploited Madagascar’s environments. We detail stratigraphy, chronology, and artifacts from two rock shelters. Ambohiposa near Iharana (Vohemar) on the northeast coast, yielded a stratified assemblage with small flakes, microblades, and retouched crescentic and trapezoidal tools, probably projectile elements, made on cherts and obsidian, some brought more that 200 km. 14C dates are contemporary with the earliest villages. No food remains are preserved. Lakaton’i Anja near Antsiranana in the north yielded several stratified assemblages. The latest assemblage is well dated to A.D. 1050–1350, by 14C and optically stimulated luminescence dating and pottery imported from the Near East and China. Below is a series of stratified assemblages similar to Ambohiposa. 14C and optically stimulated luminescence dates indicate occupation from at least 2000 B.C. Faunal remains indicate a foraging pattern. Our evidence shows that foragers with a microlithic technology were active in Madagascar long before the arrival of farmers and herders and before many Late Holocene faunal extinctions. The differing effects of historically distinct economies must be identified and understood to reconstruct Holocene histories of human environmental impact.
117 citations
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24 Feb 2021
TL;DR: A new release of curated genome variation data on 7,000 Plasmodium falciparum samples from MalariaGEN partner studies in 28 malaria-endemic countries aims to facilitate research into the evolutionary processes affecting malaria control and to accelerate development of the surveillance toolkit required for malaria elimination.
Abstract: MalariaGEN is a data-sharing network that enables groups around the world to work together on the genomic epidemiology of malaria. Here we describe a new release of curated genome variation data on 7,000 Plasmodium falciparum samples from MalariaGEN partner studies in 28 malaria-endemic countries. High-quality genotype calls on 3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and short indels were produced using a standardised analysis pipeline. Copy number variants associated with drug resistance and structural variants that cause failure of rapid diagnostic tests were also analysed. Almost all samples showed genetic evidence of resistance to at least one antimalarial drug, and some samples from Southeast Asia carried markers of resistance to six commonly-used drugs. Genes expressed during the mosquito stage of the parasite life-cycle are prominent among loci that show strong geographic differentiation. By continuing to enlarge this open data resource we aim to facilitate research into the evolutionary processes affecting malaria control and to accelerate development of the surveillance toolkit required for malaria elimination.
116 citations
Authors
Showing all 1572 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Patricia C. Wright | 49 | 156 | 7970 |
Marc Lemaire | 48 | 399 | 9317 |
Steven M. Goodman | 39 | 249 | 7256 |
Patrick Mavingui | 37 | 114 | 4914 |
Elise Buisson | 31 | 130 | 3394 |
Jean-Michel Heraud | 29 | 124 | 3535 |
Steven M. Goodman | 28 | 77 | 4414 |
Florian Marks | 27 | 123 | 2844 |
L. Rakotondravohitra | 25 | 41 | 2490 |
Jonah Ratsimbazafy | 23 | 74 | 2174 |
Jérôme Ballet | 22 | 143 | 1741 |
Carine E. Chan-Thaw | 22 | 49 | 1809 |
Lydie Chapuis-Lardy | 22 | 46 | 2408 |
Arsène Ratsimbasoa | 21 | 58 | 1767 |
R. Raboanary | 20 | 29 | 2032 |