University of Maine

About: University of Maine is a education organization based out in Orono, Maine, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Ice sheet. The organization has 8637 authors who have published 16932 publications receiving 590124 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Maine at Orono.

Social competence and behavior evaluation in children ages 3 to 6 years: The short form (SCBE-30).

Abstract: The factor structure and scale characteristics of the shortened version ofthe Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation Scale (SCBE; P J LaFreniere & J E Dumas, 1995) are presented for a Quebec sample and 3 US samples, as well as age and gender differences in the prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems and social competence throughout the preschool years Principal-components analyses identified 3 factors in all 4 samples: social competence (SC); anger-aggression (AA); and anxiety-withdrawal (AW) Each 10-item scale was shown to have high interrater and test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and temporal stability over a 6-month period Across all samples, boys were rated substantially higher on AA and lower on SC scales than girls, though no trends toward a sex difference in AW were evident A stepwise progression in SC with increasing age was apparent in all samples AA and AW behaviors showed a decline in the US, but not in the Quebec sample

Body fat mass and macronutrient intake in relation to circulating soluble leptin receptor, free leptin index, adiponectin, and resistin concentrations in healthy humans.

Abstract: The adipocyte-derived hormones leptin [which circulates in a free form and bound to a soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R)], adiponectin, and resistin play a key role in regulating energy homeostasis and metabolism. We assessed the association between body composition, total energy, and macronutrient intake and serum leptin, sOB-R, free leptin index, adiponectin, and resistin concentrations in 61 female and 53 male consecutively enrolled healthy Greek students. In this cross-sectional study, total energy and macronutrient intake were determined using 3-d food records. Body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis; fasting blood samples were taken for the measurement of total leptin, sOB-R, adiponectin, and resistin; and the ratio leptin/sOB-R was used as an index of free leptin. Serum sOB-R concentrations were lower in the female subjects compared with the males (27.24 +/- 29.06 vs. 50.14 +/- 39.74 ng/ml, P < 0.001), whereas leptin, adiponectin, and resistin concentrations were significantly higher in females (leptin: 9.93 +/- 6.01 vs. 3.27 +/- 2.54 ng/ml, P < 0.001; adiponectin: 11.40 +/- 6.73 micro g/ml vs. 4.90 +/- 2.79 micro g/ml; P < 0.001; resistin: 16.86 +/- 5.39 ng/ml in females vs. 14.00 +/- 7.16 ng/ml in males, P < 0.02). Simple regression analysis showed that, in both genders, leptin, free leptin index, adiponectin, and resistin correlated positively with body fat mass and negatively with waist to hip ratio. sOB-R correlated negatively with body fat mass and positively with waist to hip ratio. Multiple regression analysis models controlling for gender, body fat, and total energy intake demonstrated that sOB-R is positively associated with energy intake from carbohydrates and negatively with energy intake from dietary fat, whereas free leptin index is negatively associated with energy intake from carbohydrates and positively with energy intake from dietary fat. No statistically significant correlations were observed between serum adiponectin or resistin concentrations and total energy or macronutrient intake. Thus, total energy intake and macronutrient composition of the diet are associated with sOB-R and free leptin index but do not play a role of comparable significance in predicting adiponectin and resistin concentrations in healthy young subjects.

Findings of the 2019 Conference on Machine Translation (WMT19)

Abstract: This paper presents the results of the premier shared task organized alongside the Conference on Machine Translation (WMT) 2019. Participants were asked to build machine translation systems for any of 18 language pairs, to be evaluated on a test set of news stories. The main metric for this task is human judgment of translation quality. The task was also opened up to additional test suites to probe specific aspects of translation.

The nitrogen isotope biogeochemistry of sinking particles from the margin of the Eastern North Pacific

Abstract: The nitrogen isotopic composition of time-series sediment trap samples, dissolved NO~ , and surficial sediments was determined in three regions along the margin of the eastern North Pacific: Monterey Bay, San Pedro Basin, and the Gulf of California (Carmen and Guaymas Basins). Complex physical regimes are present in all three areas, and each is influenced seasonally by coastal upwelling. Nevertheless, sediment trap material evidently records the isotopic composition of new nitrogen sources, since average d15N is generally indistinguishable from d15N values for subsurface NO~ . Surficial sediments are also very similar to the average d15N value of the sediment traps, being within 1&. This di⁄erence in d15N between trap material and sediment is much less than the previously observed 4& di⁄erence for the deep sea. Better organic matter preservation at our margin sites is a likely explanation, which may be due to either low bottom O 2 concentrations or higher organic matter input to the sediments. All sites have d15N for sub-euphotic zone NO~ (8—10&) substantially elevated from the oceanic average (4.5—5&). This isotopic enrichment is a result of denitrification in suboxic subsurface waters (Gulf of California) or northward transport of denitrification influenced water (Monterey Bay and San Pedro Basin). Our results therefore suggest that downcore d15N data, depending on site location, would record the intensity of denitrification and the transport of its isotopic signature along the California margin. Temporal variations in d15N for the sediment traps do appear to respond to upwelling or convective injections of NO~ to surface waters as