University of Maine

About: University of Maine is a education organization based out in Orono, Maine, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Ice sheet. The organization has 8637 authors who have published 16932 publications receiving 590124 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Maine at Orono.

Effects of Silvicultural Edges on the Distribution and Abundance of Amphibians in Maine

Abstract: Amphibians share several biological characteristics that may cause them to be sensitive to abrupt transitions in microhabitat and microclimate that occur across forest edges. To better understand the impor- tance of edge effects on amphibians in a forested landscape, we sampled the distribution of populations along drift fences placed perpendicular to silvicultural edges of varying contrast in central Maine. Within the com- munity of amphibians sampled (14 species), salamanders generally were more sensitive to even-aged harvest- ing and associated edge effects than were anurans, but forest habitat generalists and specialists were identi- fied within both groups. We conservatively estimated the depth of edge effects at 25-35 m for a subset of management-sensitive species ( Plethodon cinereus, Ambystoma maculatum, A. laterale, and Rana sylvatica ). An index of edge contrast, calculated using ambient light penetration levels, was valuable in predicting the mag- nitude of edge effects among sites that included silvicultural edges of different age and origin (old field plan- tations versus recent clearcuts). Some structural microhabitat variables relevant to forest management were identified as potentially limiting to amphibians near forest edges, including canopy cover, litter cover, and a measure of stumps, snags, and their root channels. Our observations are consistent with the results of other work on biotic edge effects in the eastern United States and suggest that impacts from intensive forest man- agement practices extend beyond the boundaries of harvested stands.

Crab predation, waterborne cues, and inducible defenses in the blue mussel, mytilus edulis

Abstract: Inducible defenses are found in both terrestrial and aquatic organisms and appear to be a common defensive strategy of both sessile and mobile species. Here we report the presence of previously undescribed inducible defenses in marine mussels, a dominant member of temperate rocky intertidal communities. In the Gulf of Maine, estuarine shorelines with low water flow are characterized by high crab predation on the common blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, compared to nearby shore- lines with high water flow. Mussels at these high predation sites had thicker shells, relatively more shell mass, and were more tightly attached to the substrate than mussels at low predation sites. Field and laboratory experiments were used to test whether the between- site differences in these traits were the result of phenotypic plasticity. Mussels outplanted to high predation sites produced more byssal threads and attached more firmly to the substrate than did mussels outplanted to low predation sites. In the laboratory, thicker shells were induced by waterborne cues from both the common predator, Carcinus maenus, and damaged conspecifics, and these thicker shells were mechanically stronger than thinner, noninduced ones. Our results contribute to growing evidence that inducible defenses are a pervasive feature of intertidal assemblages. In addition to the bivalve example presented here, gastropods, barnacles, bryozoans, and seaweeds are also known to have inducible defenses. Phenotypic plasticity for defensive traits has likely evolved repeatedly in intertidal organisms and appears to play a major role in the dynamics of rocky intertidal communities.

Advances in Forensic Taphonomy : Method, Theory, and Archaeological Perspectives

Abstract: advances in forensic taphonomy: method, theory, and the taphonomic approach within paleontology, archaeology, and paleoanthropology continues to produce advances in understanding postmortem biochemical and morphological transformations. conversely, advances in understanding the early and intermediate postmortem period generated in the forensic realm can and should be brought to the attention of scientists who study the historic and prehistoric past. advances in forensic taphonomy: method, theory, and advances in forensic taphonomy: method, theory, and archaeological perspectives william d. haglund advances in forensic taphonomy | method, theory, and the taphonomic approach within paleontology, archaeology, and paleoanthropology continues to produce advances in understanding postmortem biochemical and morphological transformations. conversely, advances in understanding the early and intermediate postmortem period generated in the forensic realm can and should be brought to the attention of scie advances in forensic taphonomy: method, theory, and advances in forensic taphonomy: method, theory, and archaeological perspectives. the taphonomic approach within paleontology, archaeology, and paleoanthropology continues to produce advances in understanding postmortem biochemical and morphological transformations. conversely, advances in understanding the early and intermediate postmortem period generated in the forensic realm can and should be brought to the attention of scientists who study the historic and prehistoric past. advances in forensic taphonomy: method, theory, and advances in forensic taphonomy: method, theory, and archaeological perspectives. by. william d. haglund (editor) 4.38 · rating details · 13 ratings · 0 reviews. the taphonomic approach within paleontology, archaeology, and paleoanthropology continues to produce advances in understanding postmortem biochemical and morphological transformations. conversely, advances in understanding the early and intermediate postmortem period generated in the forensic realm can and should be brought to the full e-book advances in forensic taphonomy: method, theory conversely, a vances in understanding the early and intermediate postmortem period generated in the forensic realm can and should be brought to the attention of scientists who study the historic and prehistoric pasting on the success of forensic taphonomy: the postmortem fate of human remains, advances in forensic taphonomy: method, theory, and archaeological perspectives presents new and updated techniques. advances in forensic taphonomy: method, theory and forensic taphonomy is an international endeavour which includes collecting the evidence in crime scene and interpretation of dead cases. forensic taphonomy is often linked with ecological aspect forensic taphonomy haglund pdf berkeley pdf advances in forensic taphonomy: method, theory, and archaeological perspectives corinna barriento marked it as to-read jul 15, amazon second chance pass it on, trade it in, give it a second life. review articles, case reports, and chapters on methodology round out this book’s unique approach to forensic science. advances in forensic taphonomy: method, theory, and this comprehensive text takes an interdisciplinary and international