University of Milan

About: University of Milan is a education organization based out in Milan, Italy. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 58413 authors who have published 139784 publications receiving 4636354 citations. The organization is also known as: Università degli Studi di Milano & Statale.

Parton distributions from high-precision collider data

Abstract: We present a new set of parton distributions, NNPDF31, which updates NNPDF30, the first global set of PDFs determined using a methodology validated by a closure test The update is motivated by recent progress in methodology and available data, and involves both On the methodological side, we now parametrize and determine the charm PDF alongside the light-quark and gluon ones, thereby increasing from seven to eight the number of independent PDFs On the data side, we now include the D0 electron and muon W asymmetries from the final Tevatron dataset, the complete LHCb measurements of W and Z production in the forward region at 7 and 8 TeV, and new ATLAS and CMS measurements of inclusive jet and electroweak boson production We also include for the first time top-quark pair differential distributions and the transverse momentum of the Z bosons from ATLAS and CMS We investigate the impact of parametrizing charm and provide evidence that the accuracy and stability of the PDFs are thereby improved We study the impact of the new data by producing a variety of determinations based on reduced datasets We find that both improvements have a significant impact on the PDFs, with some substantial reductions in uncertainties, but with the new PDFs generally in agreement with the previous set at the one-sigma level The most significant changes are seen in the light-quark flavor separation, and in increased precision in the determination of the gluon We explore the implications of NNPDF31 for LHC phenomenology at Run II, compare with recent LHC measurements at 13 TeV, provide updated predictions for Higgs production cross-sections and discuss the strangeness and charm content of the proton in light of our improved dataset and methodology The NNPDF31 PDFs are delivered for the first time both as Hessian sets, and as optimized Monte Carlo sets with a compressed number of replicas

Augmented reality technologies, systems and applications

Abstract: This paper surveys the current state-of-the-art of technology, systems and applications in Augmented Reality. It describes work performed by many different research groups, the purpose behind each new Augmented Reality system, and the difficulties and problems encountered when building some Augmented Reality applications. It surveys mobile augmented reality systems challenges and requirements for successful mobile systems. This paper summarizes the current applications of Augmented Reality and speculates on future applications and where current research will lead Augmented Reality's development. Challenges augmented reality is facing in each of these applications to go from the laboratories to the industry, as well as the future challenges we can forecast are also discussed in this paper. Section 1 gives an introduction to what Augmented Reality is and the motivations for developing this technology. Section 2 discusses Augmented Reality Technologies with computer vision methods, AR devices, interfaces and systems, and visualization tools. The mobile and wireless systems for Augmented Reality are discussed in Section 3. Four classes of current applications that have been explored are described in Section 4. These applications were chosen as they are the most famous type of applications encountered when researching AR apps. The future of augmented reality and the challenges they will be facing are discussed in Section 5.

The Coagulopathy of Chronic Liver Disease

Abstract: opposing drivers (Fig. 1), but the mechanistic significance of the parallel decrease of both procoagulants and anticoagulants in patients with chronic liver disease escaped attention for many years. As a consequence, chronic liver disease is still considered the epitome of acquired bleeding disorders and is featured as such in most hematology textbooks. The basic laboratory tests of coagulation (i.e., measurement of the prothrombin time and activated partial-thromboplastin time) have been used to assess the risk of bleeding. However, their results are poorly correlated with the onset and duration of bleeding after liver biopsy or other potentially hemorrhagic procedures. 2-7 These test results are also poorly correlated with the occurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding, the prototype of hemorrhagic events in patients with end-stage liver disease. 8,9 Additional evidence that argues against the clinical relevance of the coagulation defects as detected by conventional laboratory tests in determining the bleeding tendency in these patients can be drawn from the natural history of liver transplantation. In the past, this major surgical procedure required massive transfusions of plasma and other blood products to correct the marked abnormalities on tests of hemostasis (assessments of coagulation, platelets, and fibrinolysis) observed both preoperatively and perioperatively. The need for transfusions, however, has declined considerably over time — not because of any substantial change in medication, but rather because of improved surgical procedures. 10 Finally and most important, randomized clinical trials involving patients with chronic liver disease have shown that powerful procoagulant agents, such as recombinant activated factor VII, fail to control bleeding from the upper intestinal tract 11,12 or bleeding during liver transplantation, 13,14 even though the postinfusion prothrombin time is considerably shortened. 11 In this review, we consider the evidence regarding the balance in the hemostatic system (involving coagulation, platelets, and fibrinolysis).