University of Paderborn

About: University of Paderborn is a education organization based out in Paderborn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Context (language use). The organization has 6684 authors who have published 16929 publications receiving 323154 citations.

The Effect of Corruption on Migration, 1985-2000

Abstract: We examine the influence of corruption on migration for 111 countries between 1985 and 2000. Robust evidence indicates that corruption is among the push factors of migration, especially fuelling skilled migration. We argue that corruption tends to diminish the returns to education, which is particularly relevant to the better educated.

Entropy explains metal-insulator transition of the Si(111)-In nanowire array.

Abstract: Density functional theory calculations are performed to determine the mechanism and origin of the intensively debated ($4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1$)--($8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2$) phase transition of the Si(111)-In nanowire array. The calculations (i) show the existence of soft phonon modes that transform the nanowire structure between the metallic In zigzag chains of the room-temperature phase and the insulating In hexagons formed at low temperature and (ii) demonstrate that the subtle balance between the energy lowering due to the hexagon formation and the larger vibrational entropy of the zigzag chains causes the phase transition.

Combining haptic human-machine interaction with predictive path planning for lane-keeping and collision avoidance systems

Abstract: This paper presents a first approach for a haptic human-machine interface combined with a novel lane-keeping and collision-avoidance assistance system approach, as well as the results of a first exploration study with human test drivers. The assistance system approach is based on a potential field predictive path planning algorithm that incorporates the drivers wishes commanded by the steering wheel angle, the brake pedal or throttle, and the intended maneuver. For the design of the haptic human-machine interface the assistance torque characteristic at the handwheel is shaped and the path planning parameters are held constant. In the exploration, both driving data as well as questionnaires are evaluated. The results show good acceptance for the lane-keeping assistance while the collision avoidance assistance needs to be improved.

Towards Ontology-Driven P2P Grid Resource Discovery

Abstract: In this paper we present a new approach to semantic resource discovery in the Grid A peer-to-peer network is used to distribute and query the resource catalogue Each peer can provide resource descriptions and background knowledge, and each peer can query the network for existing resources We do not require a central ontology for resource description and matching Each peer may have its own, possibly incomplete, ontology, which will be completed by the knowledge distributed over the network This allows to find matching resources even if the concepts used to describe the resources are unknown to the provider, as the network supplies the missing parts of the ontology