Institution
University of Potsdam
Education•Potsdam, Germany•
About: University of Potsdam is a education organization based out in Potsdam, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Computer science. The organization has 9629 authors who have published 26740 publications receiving 759745 citations. The organization is also known as: Universität Potsdam.
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TL;DR: A critical mechanism of ion-channel regulation where a Ca2+ sensor modulates K+ channel activity by promoting a kinase interaction-dependent but phosphorylation-independent translocation of the channel to the PM is described.
Abstract: Potassium (K+) channel function is fundamental to many physiological processes. However, components and mechanisms regulating the activity of plant K+ channels remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the calcium (Ca2+) sensor CBL4 together with the interacting protein kinase CIPK6 modulates the activity and plasma membrane (PM) targeting of the K+ channel AKT2 from Arabidopsis thaliana by mediating translocation of AKT2 to the PM in plant cells and enhancing AKT2 activity in oocytes. Accordingly, akt2, cbl4 and cipk6 mutants share similar developmental and delayed flowering phenotypes. Moreover, the isolated regulatory C-terminal domain of CIPK6 is sufficient for mediating CBL4- and Ca2+-dependent channel translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum membrane to the PM by a novel targeting pathway that is dependent on dual lipid modifications of CBL4 by myristoylation and palmitoylation. Thus, we describe a critical mechanism of ion-channel regulation where a Ca2+ sensor modulates K+ channel activity by promoting a kinase interaction-dependent but phosphorylation-independent translocation of the channel to the PM.
236 citations
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Ghent University1, Goethe University Frankfurt2, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences3, University of Picardie Jules Verne4, University of Göttingen5, Stockholm University6, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic7, University of Potsdam8, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven9, Wageningen University and Research Centre10, Natural England11, Technische Universität München12, Research Institute for Nature and Forest13, University of Bayreuth14
TL;DR: In this paper, the contribution of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition versus other ecological drivers on forest understorey plant communities by combining a temporal and spatial approach was assessed by combining data from 1205 (semi-permanent vegetation plots taken from 23 rigorously selected under-storey resurvey studies along a large deposition gradient across deciduous temperate forest in Europe.
Abstract: 1. Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is expected to change forest understorey plant community composition and diversity, but results of experimental addition studies and observational studies are not yet conclusive. A shortcoming of observational studies, which are generally based on resurveys or sampling along large deposition gradients, is the occurrence of temporal or spatial confounding factors. 2. We were able to assess the contribution of N deposition versus other ecological drivers on forest understorey plant communities by combining a temporal and spatial approach. Data from 1205 (semi-)permanent vegetation plots taken from 23 rigorously selected understorey resurvey studies along a large deposition gradient across deciduous temperate forest in Europe were compiled and related to various local and regional driving factors, including the rate of atmospheric N deposition, the change in large herbivore densities and the change in canopy cover and composition. 3. Although no directional change in species richness occurred, there was considerable floristic turnover in the understorey plant community and a shift in species composition towards more shade-tolerant and nutrient-demanding species. However, atmospheric N deposition was not important in explaining the observed eutrophication signal. This signal seemed mainly related to a shift towards a denser canopy cover and a changed canopy species composition with a higher share of species with more easily decomposed litter. 4. Synthesis. Our multi-site approach clearly demonstrates that one should be cautious when drawing conclusions about the impact of atmospheric N deposition based on the interpretation of plant community shifts in single sites or regions due to other, concurrent, ecological changes. Even though the effects of chronically increased N deposition on the forest plant communities are apparently obscured by the effects of canopy changes, the accumulated N might still have a significant impact. However, more research is needed to assess whether this N time bomb will indeed explode when canopies will open up again.
236 citations
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University of Tokyo1, University of Wisconsin-Madison2, University of Toronto3, University of Kentucky4, University of Texas at Austin5, University of Washington6, University of St Andrews7, University of Portsmouth8, European Southern Observatory9, University of Nottingham10, National Autonomous University of Mexico11, University of Pittsburgh12, University of Cambridge13, New Mexico State University14, Carnegie Institution for Science15, University of Sydney16, New York University17, University of Utah18, University of Oxford19, University of California, Santa Cruz20, Max Planck Society21, École normale supérieure de Lyon22, Claude Bernard University Lyon 123, Texas Christian University24, University of Iowa25, Princeton University26, Case Western Reserve University27, University of La Laguna28, Chinese Academy of Sciences29, Academia Sinica30, University of Manchester31, Macquarie University32, Australian Astronomical Observatory33, Yale University34, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory35, University of Potsdam36, University of Victoria37, University of Groningen38
TL;DR: MaNGA (Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory) as discussed by the authors employs dithered observations with 17 fiber-bundle integral field units that vary in diameter from 12" (19 fibers) to 32" (127 fibers).
Abstract: We present an overview of a new integral field spectroscopic survey called MaNGA (Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory), one of three core programs in the fourth-generation Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) that began on 2014 July 1. MaNGA will investigate the internal kinematic structure and composition of gas and stars in an unprecedented sample of 10,000 nearby galaxies. We summarize essential characteristics of the instrument and survey design in the context of MaNGA's key science goals and present prototype observations to demonstrate MaNGA's scientific potential. MaNGA employs dithered observations with 17 fiber-bundle integral field units that vary in diameter from 12" (19 fibers) to 32" (127 fibers). Two dual-channel spectrographs provide simultaneous wavelength coverage over 3600-10300 A at R~2000. With a typical integration time of 3 hr, MaNGA reaches a target r-band signal-to-noise ratio of 4-8 (per A, per 2" fiber) at 23 AB mag per sq. arcsec, which is typical for the outskirts of MaNGA galaxies. Targets are selected with stellar mass greater than 1e9 Msun using SDSS-I redshifts and i-band luminosity to achieve uniform radial coverage in terms of the effective radius, an approximately flat distribution in stellar mass, and a sample spanning a wide range of environments. Analysis of our prototype observations demonstrates MaNGA's ability to probe gas ionization, shed light on recent star formation and quenching, enable dynamical modeling, decompose constituent components, and map the composition of stellar populations. MaNGA's spatially resolved spectra will enable an unprecedented study of the astrophysics of nearby galaxies in the coming 6 yr.
235 citations
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TL;DR: A priori flood risk assessments have become an important part of flood management practices, but there are also notable differences between assessments at different spatial scales, for instance those related to the methodology, use of assessments and uncertainties.
Abstract: Managing flood risk, i.e. both the hazard and the potential consequences, is an important aspect of adapting to global change and has gained much traction in recent decades. As a result, a priori flood risk assessments have become an important part of flood management practices. Many methodologies have been set up, ranging from global risk assessments for the world as a whole, to local assessments for a particular stretch of a river/coast or small town. Most assessment frameworks generally follow a similar approach, but there are also notable differences between assessments at different spatial scales. This review article examines these differences, for instance those related to the methodology, use of assessments and uncertainties. From this review, future research needs are identified in order to improve flood risk assessments at different scales. At global/continental scale, there is a clear need for harmonised information on flood defences to improve assessments. Furthermore, inclusions of indirect economic effects at the macro-/meso-scale would give a better indication of the total effects of catastrophic flooding. At the meso-/micro-scale, there is an urgent need to improve our understanding of the effects of flooding on critical infrastructures, given their importance to society, the economy, emergency management and reconstruction. An overarching theme at all scales is the validation of flood risk assessments, which is often limited. More detailed post-disaster information would allow for improved calibration, validation and thus performance of flood risk models. Lastly, the link between spatial scales also deserves attention, for instance up- or downscaling methodologies.
235 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the entropy of entanglement and the distillability of regions with respect to the rest of a general harmonic lattice system in the ground or a thermal state scale at most as the boundary area of the region.
Abstract: We demonstrate that the entropy of entanglement and the distillable entanglement of regions with respect to the rest of a general harmonic-lattice system in the ground or a thermal state scale at most as the boundary area of the region. This area law is rigorously proven to hold true in noncritical harmonic-lattice systems of arbitrary spatial dimension, for general finite-ranged harmonic interactions, regions of arbitrary shape, and states of nonzero temperature. For nearest-neighbor interactions—corresponding to the Klein-Gordon case— upper and lower bounds to the degree of entanglement can be stated explicitly for arbitrarily shaped regions, generalizing the findings of Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 060503 2005. These higher-dimensional analogs of the analysis of block entropies in the one-dimensional case show that under general conditions, one can expect an area law for the entanglement in noncritical harmonic many-body systems. The proofs make use of methods from entanglement theory, as well as of results on matrix functions of block-banded matrices. Disordered systems are also considered. We moreover construct a class of examples for which the two-point correlation length diverges, yet still an area law can be proven to hold. We finally consider the scaling of classical correlations in a classical harmonic system and relate it to a quantum lattice system with a modified interaction. We briefly comment on a general relationship between criticality and area laws for the entropy of entanglement.
235 citations
Authors
Showing all 9969 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Cyrus Cooper | 204 | 1869 | 206782 |
Markus Antonietti | 176 | 1068 | 127235 |
Marc Weber | 167 | 2716 | 153502 |
Peter Capak | 147 | 679 | 70483 |
Heiner Boeing | 140 | 1024 | 92580 |
Alisdair R. Fernie | 133 | 1010 | 64026 |
Klaus-Robert Müller | 129 | 764 | 79391 |
Claudia Felser | 113 | 1198 | 58589 |
Guochun Zhao | 113 | 406 | 40886 |
Matthias Steinmetz | 112 | 461 | 67802 |
Jürgen Kurths | 105 | 1038 | 62179 |
Peter Schmidt | 105 | 638 | 61822 |
Erwin P. Bottinger | 102 | 342 | 42089 |
Knud Jahnke | 94 | 352 | 31542 |
Gerd Gigerenzer | 94 | 533 | 52356 |