University of South Carolina

About: University of South Carolina is a education organization based out in Columbia, South Carolina, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 25792 authors who have published 59995 publications receiving 2246122 citations. The organization is also known as: USC & U.S.C..

N-epsilon-(carboxyethyl)lysine, a product of the chemical modification of proteins by methylglyoxal, increases with age in human lens proteins.

Abstract: Advanced glycation end-products and glycoxidation products, such as Nepsilon-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and pentosidine, accumulate in long-lived tissue proteins with age and are implicated in the aging of tissue proteins and in the development of pathology in diabetes, atherosclerosis and other diseases. In this paper we describe a new advanced glycation end-product, Nepsilon-(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL), which is formed during the reaction of methylglyoxal with lysine residues in model compounds and in the proteins RNase and collagen. CEL was also detected in human lens proteins at a concentration similar to that of CML, and increased with age in parallel with the concentration of CML. Although CEL was formed in highest yields during the reaction of methylglyoxal and triose phosphates with lysine and protein, it was also formed in reactions of pentoses, ascorbate and other sugars with lysine and RNase. We propose that levels of CML and CEL and their ratio to one another in tissue proteins and in urine will provide an index of glyoxal and methylglyoxal concentrations in tissues, alterations in glutathione homoeostasis and dicarbonyl metabolism in disease, and sources of advanced glycation end-products in tissue proteins in aging and disease.

Remote Sensing of Urban/Suburban Infrastructure and Socio-Economic Attributes

Abstract: Temporal and spatial resolution requirements for extracting urban/suburban infrastructure and socio-economic attributes from remote sen.& data are presented. The goal is to relate the user information requirements with the current and proposed remote sensing systems to determine if there are substantive gaps in capability. Several remote sensing systems currently provide some of the desired urban/suburban infrastructure and socio-economic information when the required spatial resolution is poorer than 4 by 4 m and the temporal resolution is between 1 and 55 days (e.g., Landsat MSS and Thematic Mapper, SPOTI-4, Russian TK-350, RADARSAT, Indian IRS-ICD, NOAA AVHRR, GOES, Meteosat). Current high spatial resolution sensor systems such as the Russian SPIN-2 KVR-1000 (2- by 2-m panchromatic; when in orbit) and proposed sensor systems (EOSAT Space Imaging IKONOS 1- by 1-m panchromatic; Earth Watch Quickbird 0.82 by 0.82 m; Orbview-3 1 by I m) may provide additional capability. Large-scale metric aerial photography or digital camera imagery with spatial resolutions ranging from I 0.25 to 1 m will still be required to satisfy several important urban/suburban information requirements.

Treatment of acute midshaft clavicle fractures: Systematic review of 2144 fractures. On behalf of the Evidence-Based Orthopaedic Trauma Working Group

Abstract: Background:Fractures of the clavicle were reported to represent 2.6% of all fractures1 with an overall incidence of 64 per 100,000 per year (1987, Malmo, Sweden).2 Midshaft fractures account for approximately 69% to 81% of all clavicle fractures.1-4 Treatment options for acute midshaft clavicle frac

Systematic errors in digital image correlation caused by intensity interpolation

Abstract: Recently, digital image correlation as a tool for surface defor- mation measurements has found widespread use and acceptance in the field of experimental mechanics. The method is known to reconstruct displacements with subpixel accuracy that depends on various factors such as image quality, noise, and the correlation algorithm chosen. How- ever, the systematic errors of the method have not been studied in detail. We address the systematic errors of the iterative spatial domain cross- correlation algorithm caused by gray-value interpolation. We investigate the position-dependent bias in a numerical study and show that it can lead to apparent strains of the order of 40% of the actual strain level. Furthermore, we present methods to reduce this bias to acceptable lev- els. © 2000 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. (S0091-3286(00)00911-9)

The implementation of business process reengineering

Abstract: As more organizations undertake business process reengineering (BPR), issues in implementing BPR projects become a major concern. This field research seeks empirically to explore the problems of implementing reengineering projects and how the severity of these problems relates to BPR project success. Based on past theories and research related to the implementation of organizational change as well as field experience of reengineering experts, a comprehensive list of sixty-four BPR implementation problems was identified. The severity of each problem was then rated by those who have participated in reengineering in 105 organizations. Analysis of the results clearly demonstrates the central importance of change management in BPR implementation success. Resolutions of problems in other areas such as technological competence and project planning were also determined to be necessary, but not sufficient, conditions for reengineering success. Further, problems that are more directly related to the conduct of a project such as process delineation, project management, and tactical planning were perceived as less difficult, yet highly related to project success. This situation was also true for human resource problems such as training personnel for the redesigned process. These findings suggest that reengineering project implementation is complex, involving many factors. To succeed, it is essential that change be managed and that balanced attention be paid to all identified factors, including those that are more contextual (e.g., management support and technological competence) as well as factors that pertain directly to the conduct of the project (e.g., project management and process delineation). As one of the first pieces of empirical evidence based on a field study, this research emphasizes the importance of addressing BPR implementation within the broader context of organizational change in a complex sociotechnical environment.