Showing papers in "Carbohydrate Research in 2012"

TL;DR: This research provides a basis for the evaluation of chitosan/silver composites in applications requiring flexible films with tuned optical properties and antimicrobial activity.

TL;DR: The current understanding of O-PS assembly processes is described, which include the fine details that link glycan polymerization and chain termination at the cytoplasmic face of the inner membrane to its export via the ABC transporter.

TL;DR: The conversion of D-fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) on a 1 mmol scale was achieved in good yield (68%) using NH(4)Cl as catalyst in isopropanol at 120°C.

TL;DR: The benefits and constraints for optimization of different methods for the production of oligosaccharides from biomass are discussed.

TL;DR: In the present study, carboxymethyl chitosan was prepared from chitOSan, crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and evaluated in vitro as a potential carrier for colon targeted drug delivery of ornidazole and showed biphasic release pattern with non-fickian diffusion kinetics at higher pH.

TL;DR: D-Fructose was analysed by NMR spectroscopy and previously unidentified (1)H NMR resonances were assigned to the keto and α-pyranose tautomers and there was a linear relationship between the change in concentration and temperature for all forms.

TL;DR: The addition of DMSO to the aqueous phase in the absence of an inorganic salt was shown to improve the yield of furfural.

TL;DR: This review provides a summary of recent advances of the application of these compounds in the area of sorption sciences for arsenate and arsenite removal from water, focusing on equilibrium and kinetic mechanisms.

TL;DR: It was found that in reaction mixtures containing 20mM of either tryptophan, cysteine, histidine, tyrosine, or hydroxyproline the measurement of 3.7 mM glucose was overestimated by 76%, 50%, 35%, 18%, and 10%, respectively, while methionine decreased the color development by 5%.

TL;DR: Responsible surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the hydrolysis process in order to obtain high furfural yield and selectivity, and under these conditions, the maximum furFural yield of 74% andSelectivity of 78% were achieved.

TL;DR: The structural properties of sucrose, such as the bond order, possible charge-transfer, and the topological properties of the glucopyran and glucofuran rings were studied by means of the Natural Bond Orbital and Atoms in Molecules theory (AIM) investigation.

TL;DR: The nitric acid oxidation of D-glucose was reinvestigated in an effort to better understand and improve the oxidation and subsequent work up steps.

TL;DR: The catalyst SBA-15-SO(3)H exhibits high fructose conversion (near 100%) and HMF selectivity with good stability in the HMF synthesis and was a suitable catalyst to produce HMF from renewable carbohydrates in potential industrial process.

TL;DR: Unlike those reported previously, the NRRL Y-27208 sophorolipids contain an ω-hydroxy-linked acyl group, and occur predominantly in a non-lactone, anionic form, and have value as potential replacements for petroleum-based detergents and emulsifiers.

TL;DR: Novel water-soluble polysaccharides have been isolated from the fruiting bodies of the edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus and the analysis of molecular arrangement by complexation with Congo red showed that only the β-linkedpolysaccharide (PB) displayed a triple helix conformation.

TL;DR: Results showed that the chitin prepared by the successive two-step fermentation exhibited similar physicochemical and structural properties to those of the commercial one, while significantly less use of chemical reagents.

TL;DR: Detailed insight is provided into the occurrence of junction zones in Ca(2+)-pectin gels based on the influence of the degree and pattern of methylesterification and that of the PM.

TL;DR: The results suggest that under the influence of external non polar ligands, the conformation of amylose undergoes a transition from an extended to a V-amylose structure in line with experimental evidence.

TL;DR: It was found that the phosphates of calcium and strontium effectively catalyzed the HMF formation from fructose and glucose dehydration and cellulose hydrolysis/dehydration reaction, as compared with the non-catalytic system.

TL;DR: The structure of acidic fraction gum (AFG) from flaxseed hulls was elucidated by methylation analysis and 1D/2D NMR spectroscopy and a possible structure of AFG was proposed.

TL;DR: Using 60% (w/v) ammonium sulfate precipitation, a heteropolysaccharide (designated 60S), with relatively low molecular weight (38.7kDa), was isolated from the seeds of Artemisiasphaerocephala Krasch and a structure of 60S is proposed as follows.

TL;DR: The hydrolysis of various carbohydrates was investigated under acidic conditions in real time by (1)H NMR spectroscopy, with a focus on the polysaccharide inulin, and it was demonstrated that poly Saccharide chain length has an effect on the hydrolytic cleavage of inulin.

TL;DR: The glycosidic linkages of the polysaccharides in the fraction F(2) were determined using GC-MS and 2D-NMR spectroscopy after chemical modifications, including reduction and desulfation under various conditions to obtain the most immunostimulating fraction.

TL;DR: A good linear correlation between DHA and MGO values in commercial manuka honeys was observed, resulting in a mean ratio of DHA to MGO of 2:1, and heating experiments revealed that MGO formation based on thermal treatment as a consequence of caramelization in honey does not occur.

TL;DR: This review will discuss the isolation and structural characterization of α-glucans and rhamnomannans from P. boydii cell wall and their roles in the induction of innate immune response.

TL;DR: This review highlights some of the recent advances made in the synthesis of trehalose glycolipids, and their associated biological activities.

TL;DR: A neutral polysaccharide was isolated from sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum by hot-water extraction, graded ethanol precipitation, anion-exchange chromatography, and gel permeation chromatography and was elucidated to be a novel β-D-glucan featured by a 1,6-linked β- D-Glcp backbone with different length of branches.

TL;DR: This is the first report of the utility of HR-MAS NMR in the examination of surface carbohydrates of Gram positive bacteria and identification of a novel LTA structure from Clostridium difficile.

TL;DR: Chemical compositions, physicochemical properties, and structures of the precipitated hemicellulosic fractions were elucidated by a combination of sugar analysis, GPC, FT-IR, and (1)H, (13)C and 2D HSQC NMR spectroscopy.

TL;DR: The method showed good reproducibility for the quantification of six analytes in corncob hydrolysate, with intra- and inter-day variations less than 1.12%.