Showing papers in "Energy & Fuels in 2020"
TL;DR: In this article, the optimal amount of desired pyrolysis products, especially high-quality bio-oil, was found to be a gazetteer of the optimal ratio.
Abstract: Pyrolysis has created many (and will open more) possibilities for high-value utilization of biomass. To obtain the optimal amount of desired pyrolysis products, especially high-quality bio-oil, a g...
181 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the development of an economically viable enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techni cation is discussed, which is typically less than 10% of the primary primary oil recovery from fractured unconventional formations, such as shale or tight sands.
Abstract: Primary oil recovery from fractured unconventional formations, such as shale or tight sands, is typically less than 10%. The development of an economically viable enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techni...
139 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report on operational experiences with different oxygen carriers in CLC pilot operation and conclude that the necessary elements for a scale-up are at hand Oxygen carrier materials of low cost have been tested in extended operation and found to have reasonable performance with respect to reactivity and lifetime.
Abstract: Because the CO2 capture is inherent in chemical looping combustion (CLC), thus ideally avoiding costly gas separation, this process has potential for uniquely low costs of CO2 capture The review reports on operational experiences with different oxygen carriers in CLC pilot operation Further, the application to solid fuels is discussed in terms of technology challenges, routes for upscaling to commercial size, downstream gas treatment, options for achieving adequate circulation, and the use of biofuels in CLC to reach negative emissions It is concluded that the necessary elements for a scale-up are at hand Oxygen carrier materials of low cost have been tested in extended operation and found to have reasonable performance with respect to reactivity and lifetime Designs for large-scale units have been performed, indicating that the process is technically realistic and should have a low cost of CO2 capture A scale-up strategy to minimize risk and costs has been suggested
133 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the development of alternative cathode materials for intermediate-to-low-temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) is presented.
Abstract: The development of clean and efficient energy conversion and storage systems is becoming increasingly vital as a result of accelerated global energy consumption. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) as one key class of fuel cells have attracted much attention, owing to their high energy conversion efficiency and low emissions. However, some serious problems appeared because of the scorching operating temperatures of SOFCs (800–1000 °C), such as poor thermomechanical stability and difficult sealing, resulting in a short lifespan and high cost of SOFCs. Therefore, lowering the operating temperature of SOFCs to mid-range and even low range has become one of the main goals for SOFC development in the recent years. Looking for new cathode materials with high electrocatalytic activity and robust stability at relatively low temperatures is one of the essential requirements for intermediate-to-low-temperature SOFCs (ILT-SOFCs). During the past 15 years, we put considerable efforts into the development of alternative cathode materials for ILT-SOFCs. In this review, we give a summary of our progress from such efforts. We first summarize several strategies that have been adopted for developing cathode materials with high activity and durability toward reducing operating temperatures of SOFCs. Then, our new ideas and progress on cathode development with respect to activity and stability are provided. Both the cathodes of oxygen-ion-conducting SOFCs and protonic-conducting SOFCs are discussed. In the end, we outline the opportunities, challenges, and future approaches for the development of cathodes for ILT-SOFCs.
131 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a method to prevent excessive accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere, which is known to be dominantly caused by the increased concentration of greenhouse gases.
Abstract: Climate change is known to be dominantly caused by the increased concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, in particular CO2. To prevent excessive accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere a...
131 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the varied FeNi-based catalysts for water splitting reactions and provide a brief perspective on FeNi based catalysts that they hope can be a good complement to the existing literature for a better understanding.
Abstract: Water splitting as an advanced energy conversion technology driven by sustainable energy is attracting ever-increasing attention for clean hydrogen fuel generation from water. Two fundamental reactions, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), are involved, and cost-effective catalysts are required to fulfill the energy transfer process. Non-precious-metal catalysts have been proposed as the mainstay for future commercial applications. Among them, iron–nickel (FeNi)-based catalysts are very promising benefiting from the FeNi synergistic interaction in promoting the basic reactions. With the help of rational structure design, composition optimization, and electronic state tuning, advanced catalysts based on FeNi have been extensively reported. Herein, we focus on the varied FeNi-based catalysts for water splitting reactions. Before reviewing the literature, some descriptors and perspective comments are first given in the parameter evaluation part that might be helpful for understating the catalytic capability. In light of the extensive reports, some typical examples of FeNi-based catalysts classified into FeNi-alloy, phosphides, oxides, layered double hydroxides, sulfides, tellurides, selenides, and fluorides are introduced in detail. Combined with these advanced catalysts and the performance evaluation, this review will be helpful for readers in understanding the advanced progress on FeNi-based catalysts for water splitting reaction. Problems and challenges are also discussed demonstrating that efficient catalysts that can maintain high activity and stability are still highly desired. A brief perspective on FeNi-based catalysts is proposed that we hope can be a good complement to the existing literature for a better understanding of FeNi-based catalysts for water splitting reaction.
127 citations
TL;DR: In this article, ball-milled wood lignins were shown to evolve after hydrogen peroxide presoaking prior to ammonia fiber expansion pretreatment (H-AFEX) pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis.
Abstract: To illuminate the lignin evolution after hydrogen peroxide presoaking prior to ammonia fiber expansion pretreatment (H-AFEX) pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis, ball-milled wood lignins were sep...
117 citations
TL;DR: MoS2, the second most widely studied two-dimensional nanomaterial, has fascinating physical and chemical properties and thus has a wide variety of applications as mentioned in this paper, and has been getting much attention.
Abstract: MoS2, the second most widely studied two-dimensional nanomaterial, has fascinating physical and chemical properties and thus has a wide variety of applications. MoS2 has been getting much attention...
114 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a mixture of organics produced from pyrolysis of biomass is used as the feedstock for the production of hydrogen, chemicals, bio-fuels and carbon materials.
Abstract: Bio-oil is a mixture of organics produced from pyrolysis of biomass. The organics in bio-oil serve as the feedstock for the production of hydrogen, chemicals, biofuels and carbon materials. In many...
106 citations
TL;DR: Although lead-based inorganic-organic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have delivered the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) to date of 25.2%, the toxic nature of lead and poor stability are th...
Abstract: Although lead-based inorganic–organic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have delivered the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) to date of 25.2%, the toxic nature of lead and poor stability are th...
100 citations
TL;DR: The recent advances in platinum-free and/or metal-free electrocatalysts for electrochemical redox reactions at the electrodes of especially fuel cells and broadly energy devices were thoroughly rev...
Abstract: The recent advances in platinum-free and/or metal-free electrocatalysts for electrochemical redox reactions at the electrodes of especially fuel cells and broadly energy devices were thoroughly rev...
TL;DR: In this article, asphaltene science had been hindered by many significant uncertainties regarding molecular weight, molecular structure, and nanocolloidal characteristics in laboratory solvents and crud.
Abstract: Previously, asphaltene science had been hindered by many significant uncertainties regarding molecular weight, molecular structure, and nanocolloidal characteristics in laboratory solvents and crud...
TL;DR: A review of recent research on direct upgrading of coal/biomass volatiles into aromatics by catalytic pyrolysis and syngas by gasification with catalytic steam reforming can be found in this paper.
Abstract: This paper presents a review of recent research on direct upgrading of coal/biomass volatiles into aromatics by catalytic pyrolysis and syngas by gasification with catalytic steam reforming. Coal/b...
TL;DR: The CaL process is a promising CO2 capture technology, which uses CaO-based sorbents by employing a reversible reaction between CaO and CO2, generally named as carbonation and cal... as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The calcium looping (CaL) process is a promising CO2 capture technology, which uses CaO-based sorbents by employing a reversible reaction between CaO and CO2, generally named as carbonation and cal...
TL;DR: In this article, chemical looping technology enables achievement of the simultaneous feedstock conversion and product separation without additional processes via circulating solid intermediates (so-called oxygen/nitrogen).
Abstract: Chemical looping technology enables achievement of the simultaneous feedstock conversion and product separation without additional processes via circulating solid intermediates (so-called oxygen/ni...
TL;DR: Biomass chemical looping gasification (BCLG) is a novel and promising technology for syngas production, in which lattice oxygen in oxygen carriers (OCs) reacts with biomass as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Biomass chemical looping gasification (BCLG) is a novel and promising technology for syngas production, in which lattice oxygen in oxygen carriers (OCs) reacts with biomass. OCs can continuously su...
TL;DR: With the depletion of fossil fuel reserves and the increasing concern about greenhouse gas emission, the need to develop technologies for using renewable and sustainable energy resources is becomin... as discussed by the authors, and the need for developing technologies for use renewable energy resources for using sustainable and sustainable energies is becoming more urgent.
Abstract: With the depletion of fossil fuel reserves and the increasing concern about greenhouse gas emission, the need to develop technologies for using renewable and sustainable energy resources is becomin...
TL;DR: In petroleum science, asphaltenes are well-known as the most refractory fraction of crude oil and remain infamous for problems in production, transportation, and refining processes as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: In petroleum science, asphaltenes are well-known as the most refractory fraction of crude oil and remain infamous for problems in production, transportation, and refining processes. Hence, they hav...
TL;DR: In this article, solid-state Li-ion batteries (SSBs) have been regarded as the most promising systems to power electronic devices and electric vehicles because of their high energy density and safety.
Abstract: Solid-state Li-ion batteries (SSBs) have been regarded as the most promising systems to power electronic devices and electric vehicles because of their high energy density and safety. As the key co...
TL;DR: Prediction of combustion-related properties of (oxygenated) hydrocarbons is an important and challenging task for which quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) models are frequently used.
Abstract: Prediction of combustion-related properties of (oxygenated) hydrocarbons is an important and challenging task for which quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) models are frequently emp...
TL;DR: Gas hydrates are crystalline solids composed of water and gases as discussed by the authors, and they occur abundantly in nature and are potentially significant to industry. Solid surfaces and confined spaces strongly affect the...
Abstract: Gas hydrates are crystalline solids composed of water and gases. They occur abundantly in nature and are potentially significant to industry. Solid surfaces and confined spaces strongly affect the ...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored MXene and its composites with cobalt ferrite [CoFe₂O₄] nanoparticles (CoF NPs) for battery-like hybrid supercapacitor applications.
Abstract: The development of highly efficient electrode materials for high power devices is one of the cutting-edge research areas in advanced energy applications. Recently, MXene has gained tremendous interest among the research community because of its extraordinary electrochemical properties as compared to other two-dimensional layered materials such as graphene/MoS₂. However, the supercapacitive performance of MXene as an electrode material is hindered by the restacking of its layers due to functional group interactions. To overcome this problem, here in this article, we explored MXene and its composites with cobalt ferrite [CoFe₂O₄] nanoparticles (CoF NPs) for battery-like hybrid supercapacitor applications. NPs were applied to use them as interlayer spacers between MXene layers. By the electrochemical studies, it is proved that the composite (CoF/MXene) can provide better electrochemical properties than individual ferrite or MXene. The maximum specific capacitance (Cₛₚ) of CoF NPs, MXene, and CoF/MXene composites was observed to be about 594, 1046.25, and 1268.75 Fg–¹ at 1 A g–¹, respectively. The calculated specific capacity (sp. capacity) of the CoF/MXene composite was about 440 Cg–¹ at 1 A g–¹ and proved to be an excellent hybrid electrode material by providing only 0.25 Ω charge transfer resistance. The as-synthesized material demonstrated the excellent capacitance retention, about 97%, up to 5000 cycles.
TL;DR: More than half of the global oil reserves are in carbonate reservoirs as mentioned in this paper, however, in most cases carbonate rocks tend to be mixed-wet or oilwet.
Abstract: More than half of the global oil reserves are in carbonate reservoirs. Carbonate rocks, however, in most cases tend to be mixed-wet or oil-wet. Wettability alteration of carbonate reservoir rock ha...
TL;DR: In this paper, two-dimensional (2D) titanium carbide (Ti3C2) MXene nanosheets with a unique morphology coupled with a 2D g-C3N4/TiO2 heterojunction for hydrogen-rich syngas production during photoc...
Abstract: Fabrication of two-dimensional (2D) titanium carbide (Ti3C2) MXene nanosheets with a unique morphology coupled with a 2D g-C3N4/TiO2 heterojunction for hydrogen-rich syngas production during photoc...
TL;DR: In this article, an in-depth understanding of the biomass pyrolysis reaction mechanisms is presented, with a focus on lignocellulose biomass to produce various fuels and chemicals.
Abstract: Pyrolysis of lignocellulose biomass to produce various fuels and chemicals has gained increasing interest in recent decades. An in-depth understanding of the biomass pyrolysis reaction mechanisms i...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used machine learning tools for predicting the yield and hydrogen contents of bio-oil (H-bio-oil) based on biomass compositions of feedstock and pyroly...
Abstract: The objective of this research work was to utilize machine learning tools for predicting the yield and hydrogen contents of bio-oil (H-bio-oil) based on biomass compositions of feedstock and pyroly...
TL;DR: A review of the mechanisms and evaluation of nanofluids in enhanced oil recovery in the petroleum industry can be found in this article, where the authors present a detailed discussion of their mechanisms and evaluations.
Abstract: Nanofluids are stable mixtures of nanoscale particles dispersed in base fluids with good prospects in enhanced oil recovery in the petroleum industry. In this review, the mechanisms and evaluation ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the density functional theory with the projector-augmented wave a... was used for high-efficiency catalyst in energy applications, which has great potential for use as a high efficiency catalyst for energy applications.
Abstract: Metal-nitrogen-co-doped graphene has great potential for use as a high-efficiency catalyst in energy applications. In this paper, density functional theory (DFT) with the projector-augmented wave a...
TL;DR: The Mancos shale core sample investigated in the present research has been extracted from the late Cretaceous (upper cretaceous) geologic formation of USA as discussed by the authors, which is usually obtained by horizont...
Abstract: The Mancos shale core sample investigated in the present research has been extracted from the late Cretaceous (upper cretaceous) geologic formation of USA. Shale gas is usually obtained by horizont...
TL;DR: In this paper, the main advantages of CLC lie in its inherent CO2 seq2seq properties and its ability to deal with high CO2 emissions, which makes it a promising combustion technique for fossil fuels.
Abstract: Chemical looping combustion (CLC) has emerged as an efficient and promising combustion technique for fossil fuels during the past few decades. The main advantages of CLC lie in its inherent CO2 seq...