Showing papers in "Journal of Lipid Research in 2012"

TL;DR: These results and additional studies with the LPS sequester polymixin B and in MyD88−/− macrophages indicated that SFA-induced activation of TLR2 or TLR4 is a fatty acid-specific effect, but not due to contaminants in BSA or fatty acid preparations.

TL;DR: Initial data from investigations of PCSK9 inhibition in humans are promising and indicate that PCSK 9 inhibition may be a viable new therapeutic option for the treatment of dyslipidemia and associated cardiovascular diseases.

TL;DR: Quantitative analysis showed that cold acclimation induced an increase in brown adipocytes and an almost equal reduction in white adipocytes; however, there were no significant differences in total adipocyte count or any signs of apoptosis or mitosis, in line with the hypothesis of the direct transformation of white into Brown adipocytes.

TL;DR: White adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) are capable of differentiating into numerous cell types of both mesodermal and nonmesodermal origin, leading to their extensive investigation from a therapeutic and tissue engineering perspective.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated for the first time that changes in ceramide chain length and lipid organization are directly correlated with the skin barrier defects in nonlesional skin of AE patients and will provide a new therapeutic entry in therapy and prevention of AE.

TL;DR: The hepatic TCA cycle appears to enable mitochondrial dysfunction during insulin resistance by increasing electron deposition into an inefficient respiratory chain prone to reactive oxygen species production and by providing mitochondria-derived substrate for elevated gluconeogenesis.

TL;DR: Several other proteins known to be important inLD biogenesis in yeasts and mammals are conserved in plants, suggesting that at least some aspects of LD biogenesis and/or function are evolutionarily conserved.

TL;DR: Adiposoft, a fully automated open-source software for the analysis of white adipose tissue cellularity in histological sections, is presented and found high correlation and low disagreement between AdipOSoft and the manual delineation of cells.

TL;DR: The mechanisms of metabolic regulation by FXR and TGR5 and the utility relevance of natural and synthetic modulators of FXR-TGR5 activity, including bile acid sequestrants, in the treatment of the MS are discussed.

TL;DR: This is the first experimental evidence for a role of CD36 in fat gustatory perception in humans and the data support involvement of lingual lipase and are consistent with the concept that FA and not TG is the sensed stimulus.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the fully automated, high-throughput BUME method can replace chloroform-based methods, saving both human and environmental resources.

TL;DR: The mode of action of AM PK activators, mechanism of anti-inflammatory activities, and preclinical and clinical findings as well as future prospects of AMPK as a drug target in treating cardio-metabolic disease are discussed.

TL;DR: A sensitive, fast, and reproducible ultraperformance liquid chromatography/multiple reaction monitoring/mass spectrometry method to determine the tissue and sera BA profiles in different species (human, rat, and mouse) by quantifying 31 major and minor BA species in a single 21-min run.

TL;DR: The outcome of the analysis reveals that nonfish sources of ω 3 PUFA vary in their capacity to regulate blood levels of C20–22 ω3 PUFA and CVD risk factors.

TL;DR: The important biological roles of sulfatide in the nervous system, insulin secretion, immune system, hemostasis/thrombosis, cancer, and microbial infections including human immunodeficiency virus and influenza A virus are discussed.

TL;DR: Application of this method to plasma samples revealed that at least 50 samples could be extracted in a routine day, and allowed the quantification of six secosteroids, including the 25-hydroxylated species of vitamins D2 and D3.

TL;DR: This review summarizes many of the proteomic studies on lipid droplets from a wide range of organisms, providing an evolutionary perspective on this organelle.

TL;DR: Subcutaneous, epiploic, and omental fat from 16 morbidly obese individuals classified as insulin sensitive or insulin resistant based on the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance are compared to show decreased AMPK activity and increased oxidative stress compared with insulin sensitive patients.

TL;DR: Most traditional models, including rabbit, Zucker diabetic fatty rat, and the majority of mouse models, did not demonstrate overall similarity to dyslipidemic humans in this study.

TL;DR: Both in vivo and in vitro, intestinal absorption of 4-HHE was associated with formation of 4HHE-protein adducts and increased expression of glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPx2) and glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and triggers oxidative stress and inflammation in the upper intestine.

TL;DR: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the insights that have been gained in the past 50 years on the biochemistry ofLCAT, the role of LCAT in lipoprotein metabolism and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in animal models, and its impact on cardiovascular disease in humans.

TL;DR: The studies demonstrate a sensitive and accurate method of detecting plasma desmosterol concentration and suggest that plasma des mosterol could become a powerful new specific biomarker for early and easy AD diagnosis.

TL;DR: The observations suggest that the compositional alterations observed in psoriatic HDL reflect a shift to a pro-inflammatory profile that impairs cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL and may provide a link between psoriasis and cardiovascular disease.

TL;DR: This thematic review critically discusses results from laboratory and animal studies, analyzes genetic evidence, reviews clinical work demonstrating associations between Lp-PLA2 and vascular disease, and summarizes results from animal and human clinical trials in which administration of darapladib was tested as a strategy for the management of atherosclerosis.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that CETP inhibitors will be antiatherogenic in humans is still being tested in studies with anacetrapib and evacetrapib, two CETP inhibitor that are much more potent than dalcetrapIB and that do not share the off-target adverse effects of torcetraib.

TL;DR: Inhibitor profiling revealed striking potency differences between hAB HD6 and hABHD12, a finding that, when combined with the substrate profiling data, should facilitate further efforts toward the design of potent and selective inhibitors, especially those targeting hABhd12, which currently lacks such inhibitors.

TL;DR: The most severe form of congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL) is caused by mutations in BSCL2/seipin this article, which is a homo-oligomeric integral membrane protein in the endoplasmic reticulum that concentrates at junctions with cytoplasmic lipid droplets (LDs).

TL;DR: Human atherosclerotic lesions manifest a differential expression of OSEs and apo(a) as they progress, rupture, and become clinically symptomatic, providing a rationale for targeting OSE for biotheranostic applications in humans.

TL;DR: Postprandial LPS increase after a fat overload is related to postPRandial hypertriglyceridemia but not to degree of insulin resistance in morbidly obese patients, and there were no significant correlations between C-reactive protein (CRP) and LPS levels.

TL;DR: It is concluded that Ehhadh is indispensable for the production of medium-chain dicarboxylic acids, providing an explanation for the coordinated induction of mitochondrial and peroxisomal oxidative pathways during fasting.