A functional polymorphism in the monoamine oxidase A gene promoter
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TLDR
A new polymorphism upstream of the gene for monoamine oxidase A, which consists of a 30-bp repeated sequence present in 3, 3.5, 4, or 5 copies, may be useful as both a functional and an anonymous genetic marker for MAOA.Abstract:
We describe a new polymorphism upstream of the gene for monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), an important enzyme in human physiology and behavior. The polymorphism, which is located 1.2 kb upstream of the MAOA coding sequences, consists of a 30-bp repeated sequence present in 3, 3.5, 4, or 5 copies. The polymorphism is in linkage disequilibrium with other MAOA and MAOB gene markers and displays significant variations in allele frequencies across ethnic groups. The polymorphism has been shown to affect the transcriptional activity of the MAOA gene promoter by gene fusion and transfection experiments involving three different cell types. Alleles with 3.5 or 4 copies of the repeat sequence are transcribed 2–10 times more efficiently than those with 3 or 5 copies of the repeat, suggesting an optimal length for the regulatory region. This promoter region polymorphism may be useful as both a functional and an anonymous genetic marker for MAOA.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) interaction with parenting practices on callous-unemotional traits in preschoolers
N. Pueyo,J.B. Navarro,Mar Fatjó-Vilas,N. de la Osa,Eva Penelo,Lourdes Fañanás,Lourdes Ezpeleta +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the first evidence for significant MAOA × early parenting effects on callous-unemotional traits in preschoolers, specifically among female MAOA-LL carriers.
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Variable number tandem repeats in the promoter region of prostacyclin synthase gene in choline deficient rats.
Valeria Denninghoff,Georgina P. Ossani,Ana Uceda,Maria A. Avagnina,Boris Elsner,Alberto J. Monserrat +5 more
TL;DR: Renal reparation of the acute kidney injury due to choline deficiency in some rats is not related with differences in VNTR in the promoter region of the prostacyclin synthase gene.
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Investigations into the functions and regulation of the microcephaly-associated trappc9 gene.
TL;DR: This chapter discusses epigenetics, which governs the regulation of Chromatin structure and epigenetic indicators of chromatin state in the cell and its applications in animal husbandry and tissue dissection.
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Genetics as a tool for the dissociation of mental operations over the course of development
TL;DR: This work seeks to use genetic information to help construct a multinode, multinetwork model that can explain, in part, individual differences in the development of attention over the course of development.
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Association of the MAOA-uVNTR polymorphism with psychopathic traits may change from childhood to adolescence
TL;DR: Results reveal that males below age 13 were more likely to display psychopathic traits with the MAOA long variant, whereas males above age 13 years were morelikely to display with the short variant, which suggests that developmental factors may be crucial for understanding the role of the MAoa polymorphism in psychopathic trait in males.
References
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Association of Anxiety-Related Traits with a Polymorphism in the Serotonin Transporter Gene Regulatory Region
Klaus-Peter Lesch,D. Bengel,Armin Heils,Sue Z. Sabol,Benjamin D. Greenberg,Susanne Petri,Jonathan Benjamin,Clemens R. Müller,Dean H. Hamer,Dennis L. Murphy +9 more
TL;DR: The short variant of the polymorphism reduces the transcriptional efficiency of the 5-HTT gene promoter, resulting in decreased 5HTT expression and 5HT uptake in lymphoblasts as discussed by the authors, which is the site of action of widely used uptake-inhibiting antidepressant and antianxiety drugs.
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Strategies for multilocus linkage analysis in humans.
TL;DR: The results show that considerable economy and efficiency can be brought to the mapping endeavor by resorting to appropriate strategies of detecting linkage and by constructing the human genetic map on a common reference panel of families.
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Abnormal behavior associated with a point mutation in the structural gene for monoamine oxidase A
TL;DR: Analytical results indicate that isolated complete MAOA deficiency in this family is associated with a recognizable behavioral phenotype that includes disturbed regulation of impulsive aggression.
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Population and familial association between the D4 dopamine receptor gene and measures of Novelty Seeking
Jonathan Benjamin,Lin Li,Chavis Patterson,Benjamin D. Greenberg,Dennis L. Murphy,Dean H. Hamer +5 more
TL;DR: The relationship between DADR exon III sequence variants and personality test scores in a population of 315 mostly male siblings, other family members and individuals from the United States was investigated and the association between long alleles ofExon III and personality traits related to Novelty Seeking was confirmed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aggressive Behavior and Altered Amounts of Brain Serotonin and Norepinephrine in Mice Lacking MAOA
Olivier Cases,Isabelle Seif,Joseph Grimsby,Patricia Gaspar,Kevin Chen,Sandrine Pournin,Ulrike Müller,Michel Aguet,Charles Babinet,Jean C. Shih,Edward De Maeyer +10 more
TL;DR: Pup behavioral alterations, including trembling, difficulty in righting, and fearfulness were reversed by the serotonin synthesis inhibitor parachlorophenylalanine, and adults manifested a distinct behavioral syndrome, including enhanced aggression in males.