A functional polymorphism in the monoamine oxidase A gene promoter
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TLDR
A new polymorphism upstream of the gene for monoamine oxidase A, which consists of a 30-bp repeated sequence present in 3, 3.5, 4, or 5 copies, may be useful as both a functional and an anonymous genetic marker for MAOA.Abstract:
We describe a new polymorphism upstream of the gene for monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), an important enzyme in human physiology and behavior. The polymorphism, which is located 1.2 kb upstream of the MAOA coding sequences, consists of a 30-bp repeated sequence present in 3, 3.5, 4, or 5 copies. The polymorphism is in linkage disequilibrium with other MAOA and MAOB gene markers and displays significant variations in allele frequencies across ethnic groups. The polymorphism has been shown to affect the transcriptional activity of the MAOA gene promoter by gene fusion and transfection experiments involving three different cell types. Alleles with 3.5 or 4 copies of the repeat sequence are transcribed 2–10 times more efficiently than those with 3 or 5 copies of the repeat, suggesting an optimal length for the regulatory region. This promoter region polymorphism may be useful as both a functional and an anonymous genetic marker for MAOA.read more
Citations
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Serotonin gene polymorphisms and bipolar I disorder: focus on the serotonin transporter.
Hader Mansour,Michael E. Talkowski,Joel Wood,L Pless,Mikhil Bamne,Kodavali V. Chowdari,Michael H. Allen,Charles L. Bowden,Joseph R. Calabrese,Rif S. El-Mallakh,Andrea Fagiolini,Stephen V. Faraone,Mark D. Fossey,Edward S. Friedman,Laszlo Gyulai,Peter Hauser,Peter Hauser,Terence A. Ketter,Jennifer M. Loftis,Jennifer M. Loftis,Lauren B. Marangell,David J. Miklowitz,Andrew A. Nierenberg,Jayendra K. Patel,Gary S. Sachs,Pamela Sklar,Jordan W. Smoller,Michael E. Thase,Ellen Frank,David J. Kupfer,Vishwajit L. Nimgaonkar +30 more
TL;DR: It is reasoned that other polymorphism/s may contribute to the associations and the inconsistencies may be due to variations in linkage disequilibrium patterns between samples, and conducted LD analyses, as well as association and linkage using 12 polymorphisms, including 5HTTLPR.
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Ventro-lateral prefrontal activity during working memory is modulated by MAO A genetic variation.
Antonio Cerasa,Maria Cecilia Gioia,Francesco Fera,Luca Passamonti,Maria Liguori,Pierluigi Lanza,Maria Muglia,Angela Magariello,Aldo Quattrone +8 more
TL;DR: The data reveal pronounced genotype-related functional changes in specific prefrontal region (VLPFC) subserving spatial working memory, and provides new evidence for the involvement of 5-HT in PFC-mediated WM function.
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Interaction of serotonergic and noradrenergic gene variants in panic disorder.
Christine M. Freitag,Katharina Domschke,Claudia Rothe,Yoo-Jeong Lee,Christa Hohoff,Lise Gutknecht,Philipp G. Sand,Rolf Fimmers,Klaus-Peter Lesch,Jürgen Deckert +9 more
TL;DR: This is the first possible interaction of genetic variations in panic disorder that has been observed and the assessment of the interacting risk alleles needs replication in a larger sample with higher power.
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A cis-phase interaction study of genetic variants within the MAOA gene in major depressive disorder.
TL;DR: The cis-phase interaction between the VNTR polymorphism and functional SNPs may contribute to the etiology of MDD.
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References
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Association of Anxiety-Related Traits with a Polymorphism in the Serotonin Transporter Gene Regulatory Region
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TL;DR: Analytical results indicate that isolated complete MAOA deficiency in this family is associated with a recognizable behavioral phenotype that includes disturbed regulation of impulsive aggression.
Journal ArticleDOI
Population and familial association between the D4 dopamine receptor gene and measures of Novelty Seeking
Jonathan Benjamin,Lin Li,Chavis Patterson,Benjamin D. Greenberg,Dennis L. Murphy,Dean H. Hamer +5 more
TL;DR: The relationship between DADR exon III sequence variants and personality test scores in a population of 315 mostly male siblings, other family members and individuals from the United States was investigated and the association between long alleles ofExon III and personality traits related to Novelty Seeking was confirmed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aggressive Behavior and Altered Amounts of Brain Serotonin and Norepinephrine in Mice Lacking MAOA
Olivier Cases,Isabelle Seif,Joseph Grimsby,Patricia Gaspar,Kevin Chen,Sandrine Pournin,Ulrike Müller,Michel Aguet,Charles Babinet,Jean C. Shih,Edward De Maeyer +10 more
TL;DR: Pup behavioral alterations, including trembling, difficulty in righting, and fearfulness were reversed by the serotonin synthesis inhibitor parachlorophenylalanine, and adults manifested a distinct behavioral syndrome, including enhanced aggression in males.