A functional polymorphism in the monoamine oxidase A gene promoter
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TLDR
A new polymorphism upstream of the gene for monoamine oxidase A, which consists of a 30-bp repeated sequence present in 3, 3.5, 4, or 5 copies, may be useful as both a functional and an anonymous genetic marker for MAOA.Abstract:
We describe a new polymorphism upstream of the gene for monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), an important enzyme in human physiology and behavior. The polymorphism, which is located 1.2 kb upstream of the MAOA coding sequences, consists of a 30-bp repeated sequence present in 3, 3.5, 4, or 5 copies. The polymorphism is in linkage disequilibrium with other MAOA and MAOB gene markers and displays significant variations in allele frequencies across ethnic groups. The polymorphism has been shown to affect the transcriptional activity of the MAOA gene promoter by gene fusion and transfection experiments involving three different cell types. Alleles with 3.5 or 4 copies of the repeat sequence are transcribed 2–10 times more efficiently than those with 3 or 5 copies of the repeat, suggesting an optimal length for the regulatory region. This promoter region polymorphism may be useful as both a functional and an anonymous genetic marker for MAOA.read more
Citations
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The MAOA, COMT, MTHFR and ESR1 gene polymorphisms are associated with the risk of depression in menopausal women.
Agata Rozycka,R Słopień,Agnieszka Słopień,Jolanta Dorszewska,Agnieszka Seremak-Mrozikiewicz,Margarita Lianeri,Malgorzata Maciukiewicz,Alina Warenik-Szymankiewicz,Teresa Grzelak,Grażyna Kurzawińska,Krzysztof Drews,Andrzej Klejewski,Paweł P. Jagodziński +12 more
TL;DR: This study substantiates the involvement of the MAOA and MTHFR polymorphisms in climacteric depression and offers evidence that the COMT and ESR1 genes may also play a role in the susceptibility to depressive mood in postmenopausal women.
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Pharmacogenetics of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor response: a 6-month follow-up.
Alessandro Serretti,Raffaella Zanardi,Linda Franchini,Paola Artioli,Danilo Dotoli,Adele Pirovano,Enrico Smeraldi +6 more
TL;DR: Some subjects showing remission after acute treatment relapsed within 6 months, despite undertaking a maintenance treatment; the causes could be heterogeneous, but CLOCK gene variants may influence the outcome.
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A functional polymorphism in the promoter of monoamine oxidase A gene and bipolar affective disorder.
TL;DR: It is found that none of the different repeat copies was preferentially transmitted from mothers to their children affected with bipolar disorder and a non-significant trend for patients with an ultra-rapid cycling form of illness to have a higher frequency of low-activity alleles is found.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of MAOA and COMT gene polymorphisms with palatable food intake in children
Ananda Cristine Santos Galvão,Raquel Christine Kruger,Paula Dal Bó Campagnolo,Vanessa Suñé Mattevi,Márcia Regina Vitolo,Silvana Almeida +5 more
TL;DR: This study provides the first indication that genetic variants of enzymes that control DA availability might be involved in determination of the amount of palatable food intake in children.
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Pharmacogenetics of antidepressive drugs: a way towards personalized treatment of major depressive disorder.
TL;DR: Genetic polymorphisms that may be involved in the therapeutic effects and side effects of antidepressive medications and which, in the future, may guide customized selection of the pharmacotherapeutic regimen in case of each patient are reviewed.
References
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Association of Anxiety-Related Traits with a Polymorphism in the Serotonin Transporter Gene Regulatory Region
Klaus-Peter Lesch,D. Bengel,Armin Heils,Sue Z. Sabol,Benjamin D. Greenberg,Susanne Petri,Jonathan Benjamin,Clemens R. Müller,Dean H. Hamer,Dennis L. Murphy +9 more
TL;DR: The short variant of the polymorphism reduces the transcriptional efficiency of the 5-HTT gene promoter, resulting in decreased 5HTT expression and 5HT uptake in lymphoblasts as discussed by the authors, which is the site of action of widely used uptake-inhibiting antidepressant and antianxiety drugs.
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Abnormal behavior associated with a point mutation in the structural gene for monoamine oxidase A
TL;DR: Analytical results indicate that isolated complete MAOA deficiency in this family is associated with a recognizable behavioral phenotype that includes disturbed regulation of impulsive aggression.
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Population and familial association between the D4 dopamine receptor gene and measures of Novelty Seeking
Jonathan Benjamin,Lin Li,Chavis Patterson,Benjamin D. Greenberg,Dennis L. Murphy,Dean H. Hamer +5 more
TL;DR: The relationship between DADR exon III sequence variants and personality test scores in a population of 315 mostly male siblings, other family members and individuals from the United States was investigated and the association between long alleles ofExon III and personality traits related to Novelty Seeking was confirmed.
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Aggressive Behavior and Altered Amounts of Brain Serotonin and Norepinephrine in Mice Lacking MAOA
Olivier Cases,Isabelle Seif,Joseph Grimsby,Patricia Gaspar,Kevin Chen,Sandrine Pournin,Ulrike Müller,Michel Aguet,Charles Babinet,Jean C. Shih,Edward De Maeyer +10 more
TL;DR: Pup behavioral alterations, including trembling, difficulty in righting, and fearfulness were reversed by the serotonin synthesis inhibitor parachlorophenylalanine, and adults manifested a distinct behavioral syndrome, including enhanced aggression in males.