A functional polymorphism in the monoamine oxidase A gene promoter
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TLDR
A new polymorphism upstream of the gene for monoamine oxidase A, which consists of a 30-bp repeated sequence present in 3, 3.5, 4, or 5 copies, may be useful as both a functional and an anonymous genetic marker for MAOA.Abstract:
We describe a new polymorphism upstream of the gene for monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), an important enzyme in human physiology and behavior. The polymorphism, which is located 1.2 kb upstream of the MAOA coding sequences, consists of a 30-bp repeated sequence present in 3, 3.5, 4, or 5 copies. The polymorphism is in linkage disequilibrium with other MAOA and MAOB gene markers and displays significant variations in allele frequencies across ethnic groups. The polymorphism has been shown to affect the transcriptional activity of the MAOA gene promoter by gene fusion and transfection experiments involving three different cell types. Alleles with 3.5 or 4 copies of the repeat sequence are transcribed 2–10 times more efficiently than those with 3 or 5 copies of the repeat, suggesting an optimal length for the regulatory region. This promoter region polymorphism may be useful as both a functional and an anonymous genetic marker for MAOA.read more
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Prefrontal cortex lesions and MAO-A modulate aggression in penetrating traumatic brain injury.
Matteo Pardini,Frank Krueger,Frank Krueger,Colin A. Hodgkinson,Vanessa Raymont,C. Ferrier,David Goldman,Maren Strenziok,Silvia Guida,Jordan Grafman +9 more
TL;DR: Lesion location and MAO-A genotype interact in mediating aggression in PTBI and Importantly, PFC integrity is necessary for modulation of aggressive behaviors by genetic susceptibilities and traumatic experiences.
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Association between polymorphisms in serotonin and dopamine-related genes and endogenous pain modulation.
Roi Treister,Dorit Pud,Richard P. Ebstein,Efrat Laiba,Yael Raz,Edith Gershon,May Haddad,Elon Eisenberg,Elon Eisenberg +8 more
TL;DR: An association was found between the serotonin transporter gene polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) and pain modulation derived by nonpainful conditioned pain modulation (CPM(nonpainful)), rather than painful conditioned pain Modulation (C PM(painful).
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Genetically dependent modulation of serotonergic inactivation in the human prefrontal cortex.
Luca Passamonti,Antonio Cerasa,Antonio Cerasa,Maria Cecilia Gioia,Angela Magariello,Maria Muglia,Aldo Quattrone,Francesco Fera +7 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that the MAOAx5HTT allelic interaction exerts a significant modulation on the BOLD response associated with response inhibition and contribute to validate haplotype models as useful tools for a better understanding of the neurobiology underlying complex cognitive functions.
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Regulation of human monoamine oxidase B gene by Sp1 and Sp3.
TL;DR: The results suggest that the binding to the overlapping Sp1 sites by various members of Sp family is important for the regulation of the MAO B gene expression.
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Effects of MAOA-genotype, alcohol consumption, and aging on violent behavior.
Roope Tikkanen,Rickard L. Sjöberg,Francesca Ducci,David Goldman,Matti Holi,Jari Tiihonen,Matti Virkkunen +6 more
TL;DR: Finnish high activity MAOA genotyped risk alcoholics exhibiting antisocial behavior, high alcohol consumption, and abnormal alcohol-related impulsive and uncontrolled violence might represent an etiologically distinct alcohol dependence subtype.
References
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Jonathan Benjamin,Lin Li,Chavis Patterson,Benjamin D. Greenberg,Dennis L. Murphy,Dean H. Hamer +5 more
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Aggressive Behavior and Altered Amounts of Brain Serotonin and Norepinephrine in Mice Lacking MAOA
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