A functional polymorphism in the monoamine oxidase A gene promoter
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
A new polymorphism upstream of the gene for monoamine oxidase A, which consists of a 30-bp repeated sequence present in 3, 3.5, 4, or 5 copies, may be useful as both a functional and an anonymous genetic marker for MAOA.Abstract:
We describe a new polymorphism upstream of the gene for monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), an important enzyme in human physiology and behavior. The polymorphism, which is located 1.2 kb upstream of the MAOA coding sequences, consists of a 30-bp repeated sequence present in 3, 3.5, 4, or 5 copies. The polymorphism is in linkage disequilibrium with other MAOA and MAOB gene markers and displays significant variations in allele frequencies across ethnic groups. The polymorphism has been shown to affect the transcriptional activity of the MAOA gene promoter by gene fusion and transfection experiments involving three different cell types. Alleles with 3.5 or 4 copies of the repeat sequence are transcribed 2–10 times more efficiently than those with 3 or 5 copies of the repeat, suggesting an optimal length for the regulatory region. This promoter region polymorphism may be useful as both a functional and an anonymous genetic marker for MAOA.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Intermediate phenotypes and genetic mechanisms of psychiatric disorders
TL;DR: Recent advances, challenges and implications of linking genes to structural and functional variation in brain systems related to cognition and emotion are illustrated.
Journal ArticleDOI
MAOA , maltreatment, and gene–environment interaction predicting children's mental health: new evidence and a meta-analysis
Julia Kim-Cohen,Julia Kim-Cohen,Avshalom Caspi,Avshalom Caspi,Alan Taylor,Brett Williams,Rhiannon Newcombe,Ian W. Craig,Terrie E. Moffitt,Terrie E. Moffitt +9 more
TL;DR: These findings provide the strongest evidence to date suggesting that the MAOA gene influences vulnerability to environmental stress, and that this biological process can be initiated early in life.
Journal ArticleDOI
Candidate gene studies of ADHD: a meta-analytic review.
TL;DR: A comprehensive meta-analytic review of the literature to determine which candidate genes show consistent evidence of association with childhood ADHD across studies found significant associations for several candidate genes including DAT1, DRD4,DRD5, 5HTT, HTR1B, and SNAP25.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neural mechanisms of aggression
Randy J. Nelson,Brian C. Trainor +1 more
TL;DR: This Review summarizes the complex interactions between genes, biological signals, neural circuits and the environment that influence the development and expression of aggressive behaviour.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neurobiology of Aggression and Violence
TL;DR: Pharmacological interventions such as mood stabilizers, which dampen limbic irritability, or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which may enhance "top-down" control, as well as psychosocial interventions to develop alternative coping skills and reinforce reflective delays may be therapeutic.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Assignment of genes for human monoamine oxidases A and B to the X chromosome.
TL;DR: Monoclonal antibodies that immunoprecipitate human monoamine oxidase (MAO) A or human MAO B, but not the corresponding mouse enzymes, were used to assay for the presence of immunopRecipitable MAO A orMAO B in mouse‐human hybrid somatic cell lines containing small numbers of human chromosomes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evidence for a genetic association between alleles of monoamine oxidase a gene and bipolar affective disorder
Lionel C. C. Lim,John Powell,Pak C. Sham,David J. Castle,Neil Hunt,Robin M. Murray,Michael Gill +6 more
TL;DR: Evidence of a genetic association between bipolar disorder and alleles at 3 monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) markers, but not with alleles of a monoamines oxidase B (MAOB) polymorphism is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Differences in the structure of A and B forms of human monoamine oxidase.
TL;DR: Findings indicate that distinct enzyme molecules are associated with the A and B types of human MAO activity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Properties of monoamine oxidase (MAO) in human blood platelets, plasma, lymphocytes and granulocytes
P.A. Bond,R.L. Cundall +1 more
TL;DR: The properties of monoamine oxidase in plasma, platelets, lymphocytes and granulocytes have been studied using cells prepared from a single small sample of blood and the three substrates, 5-hydroxytryptamine, tyramine and benzylamine, have been used to obtain a more complete picture of blood monoamines oxidase than was previously possible.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of a highly polymorphic region near the first exon of the human MAOA gene containing a GT dinucleotide and a novel VNTR motif.
TL;DR: The characterization of a highly informative polymorphic region within a 2.9-kb cloned fragment containing the first exon of the MAOA gene, which consists of a GT microsatellite directly adjacent to an imperfectly duplicated novel 23-bp VNTR motif.