A functional polymorphism in the monoamine oxidase A gene promoter
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TLDR
A new polymorphism upstream of the gene for monoamine oxidase A, which consists of a 30-bp repeated sequence present in 3, 3.5, 4, or 5 copies, may be useful as both a functional and an anonymous genetic marker for MAOA.Abstract:
We describe a new polymorphism upstream of the gene for monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), an important enzyme in human physiology and behavior. The polymorphism, which is located 1.2 kb upstream of the MAOA coding sequences, consists of a 30-bp repeated sequence present in 3, 3.5, 4, or 5 copies. The polymorphism is in linkage disequilibrium with other MAOA and MAOB gene markers and displays significant variations in allele frequencies across ethnic groups. The polymorphism has been shown to affect the transcriptional activity of the MAOA gene promoter by gene fusion and transfection experiments involving three different cell types. Alleles with 3.5 or 4 copies of the repeat sequence are transcribed 2–10 times more efficiently than those with 3 or 5 copies of the repeat, suggesting an optimal length for the regulatory region. This promoter region polymorphism may be useful as both a functional and an anonymous genetic marker for MAOA.read more
Citations
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The assessment of the relationship between personality, the presence of the 5HTT and MAO-A polymorphisms, and the severity of climacteric and depressive symptoms in postmenopausal women
Anna Jurczak,Małgorzata Szkup,Sylwia Wieder-Huszla,Anna Grzywacz,Agnieszka Samochowiec,Beata Karakiewicz,Jerzy Samochowiec,Elżbieta Grochans +7 more
TL;DR: The severity of climacteric and depressive symptoms depends on personality traits, which are biologically determined, and the level of their expression is associated with the 5HTT polymorphism.
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MAOA, Early Experiences of Harsh Parenting, Irritable Opposition, and Bullying–Victimization: A Moderated Indirect-Effects Analysis
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Corticostriatal Connectivity in Antisocial Personality Disorder by MAO-A Genotype and Its Relationship to Aggressive Behavior.
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References
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Population and familial association between the D4 dopamine receptor gene and measures of Novelty Seeking
Jonathan Benjamin,Lin Li,Chavis Patterson,Benjamin D. Greenberg,Dennis L. Murphy,Dean H. Hamer +5 more
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Aggressive Behavior and Altered Amounts of Brain Serotonin and Norepinephrine in Mice Lacking MAOA
Olivier Cases,Isabelle Seif,Joseph Grimsby,Patricia Gaspar,Kevin Chen,Sandrine Pournin,Ulrike Müller,Michel Aguet,Charles Babinet,Jean C. Shih,Edward De Maeyer +10 more
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