Book ChapterDOI
A Survey of Attacks on Ethereum Smart Contracts SoK
Nicola Atzei,Massimo Bartoletti,Tiziana Cimoli +2 more
- Vol. 10204, pp 164-186
TLDR
This work analyses the security vulnerabilities of Ethereum smart contracts, providing a taxonomy of common programming pitfalls which may lead to vulnerabilities, and shows a series of attacks which exploit these vulnerabilities, allowing an adversary to steal money or cause other damage.Abstract:
Smart contracts are computer programs that can be correctly executed by a network of mutually distrusting nodes, without the need of an external trusted authority. Since smart contracts handle and transfer assets of considerable value, besides their correct execution it is also crucial that their implementation is secure against attacks which aim at stealing or tampering the assets. We study this problem in Ethereum, the most well-known and used framework for smart contracts so far. We analyse the security vulnerabilities of Ethereum smart contracts, providing a taxonomy of common programming pitfalls which may lead to vulnerabilities. We show a series of attacks which exploit these vulnerabilities, allowing an adversary to steal money or cause other damage.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
SmartMark: Software Watermarking Scheme for Smart Contracts
TL;DR: In this paper , a software watermarking scheme, dubbed SmartMark, is proposed to protect the piracy of smart contracts by building the control flow graph of a target contract runtime bytecode and locates a series of bytes randomly selected from a collection of opcodes to represent a watermark.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Cybersecurity and Privacy Aspects of Smart Contracts in the Energy Domain
TL;DR: In this article , the authors present an exploration of known problems and possible attack scenarios for smart contracts, and a set of proposed best practices that are intended to assist developers, researchers and other relevant stakeholders to develop secure smart contracts implementations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exploring Blockchain Technology through a Modular Lens: A Survey
TL;DR: In this article , a general modular blockchain analytic framework is proposed to decompose a blockchain system into interacting modules and then examine the major modules to cover the essential blockchain components of network, consensus, and distributed ledger at the micro-level.
Journal ArticleDOI
TSC-VEE: A TrustZone-Based Smart Contract Virtual Execution Environment
TL;DR: TSC-VEE as discussed by the authors is the first virtual execution environment for Solidity smart contracts on TrustZone, which can be decomposed into an instruction set adapted to the isolation and world switching mechanism of TrustZone.
References
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Book
Isabelle/HOL: A Proof Assistant for Higher-Order Logic
TL;DR: This presentation discusses Functional Programming in HOL, which aims to provide students with an understanding of the programming language through the lens of Haskell.
Ethereum: A Secure Decentralised Generalised Transaction Ledger
TL;DR: Ethereum as mentioned in this paper is a transactional singleton machine with shared state, which can be seen as a simple application on a decentralised, but singleton, compute resource, and it provides a plurality of resources, each with a distinct state and operating code but able to interact through a message-passing framework with others.
Journal ArticleDOI
Formalizing and Securing Relationships on Public Networks
TL;DR: Protocols with application in important contracting areas, including credit, content rights management, payment systems, and contracts with bearer are discussed.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
On the Security and Performance of Proof of Work Blockchains
TL;DR: This paper introduces a novel quantitative framework to analyse the security and performance implications of various consensus and network parameters of PoW blockchains and devise optimal adversarial strategies for double-spending and selfish mining while taking into account real world constraints.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Making Smart Contracts Smarter
TL;DR: This paper investigates the security of running smart contracts based on Ethereum in an open distributed network like those of cryptocurrencies, and proposes ways to enhance the operational semantics of Ethereum to make contracts less vulnerable.