Book ChapterDOI
A Survey of Attacks on Ethereum Smart Contracts SoK
Nicola Atzei,Massimo Bartoletti,Tiziana Cimoli +2 more
- Vol. 10204, pp 164-186
TLDR
This work analyses the security vulnerabilities of Ethereum smart contracts, providing a taxonomy of common programming pitfalls which may lead to vulnerabilities, and shows a series of attacks which exploit these vulnerabilities, allowing an adversary to steal money or cause other damage.Abstract:
Smart contracts are computer programs that can be correctly executed by a network of mutually distrusting nodes, without the need of an external trusted authority. Since smart contracts handle and transfer assets of considerable value, besides their correct execution it is also crucial that their implementation is secure against attacks which aim at stealing or tampering the assets. We study this problem in Ethereum, the most well-known and used framework for smart contracts so far. We analyse the security vulnerabilities of Ethereum smart contracts, providing a taxonomy of common programming pitfalls which may lead to vulnerabilities. We show a series of attacks which exploit these vulnerabilities, allowing an adversary to steal money or cause other damage.read more
Citations
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
Empirically Analyzing Ethereum's Gas Mechanism
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors performed a large scale empirical study to understand to what degree this alignment exists in practice, by collecting and analyzing Tera-bytes worth of nanosecond-precision transaction execution traces.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
An Assessment of Blockchain Consensus Protocols for the Internet of Things
TL;DR: A cross section of blockchain consensus protocols have been assessed against a requirement framework, to establish each consensus protocols strengths and weaknesses with respect to their potential implementation in an Internet of Things blockchain environment.
Book ChapterDOI
IELE: A rigorously designed language and tool ecosystem for the blockchain
Theodoros Kasampalis,Dwight Guth,Brandon Moore,Traian Florin Șerbănuță,Yi Zhang,Daniele Filaretti,Virgil Șerbănuță,Ralph E. Johnson,Grigore Rosu +8 more
TL;DR: This paper proposes IELE, an LLVM-style language, together with a tool ecosystem for implementing and formally reasoning about smart contracts on the blockchain, and implemented a compiler from Solidity, the predominant high-level language for smart contracts, so Ethereum contracts can now also be executed on IELE.
Book ChapterDOI
Security Evaluation of Smart Contract-Based On-chain Ethereum Wallets
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conducted an exploratory study on 86 distinct bytecode versions of Ethereum smart contract wallets and analyzed them using four popular security scanning tools and found that 10.2% of them are vulnerable to different problems.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Understanding Blockchain: Platforms, Applications and Implementation Challenges
TL;DR: A general overview of blockchain technology its significant components, existing applications and some limitations of this technology is presented.
References
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Book
Isabelle/HOL: A Proof Assistant for Higher-Order Logic
TL;DR: This presentation discusses Functional Programming in HOL, which aims to provide students with an understanding of the programming language through the lens of Haskell.
Ethereum: A Secure Decentralised Generalised Transaction Ledger
TL;DR: Ethereum as mentioned in this paper is a transactional singleton machine with shared state, which can be seen as a simple application on a decentralised, but singleton, compute resource, and it provides a plurality of resources, each with a distinct state and operating code but able to interact through a message-passing framework with others.
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Formalizing and Securing Relationships on Public Networks
TL;DR: Protocols with application in important contracting areas, including credit, content rights management, payment systems, and contracts with bearer are discussed.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
On the Security and Performance of Proof of Work Blockchains
TL;DR: This paper introduces a novel quantitative framework to analyse the security and performance implications of various consensus and network parameters of PoW blockchains and devise optimal adversarial strategies for double-spending and selfish mining while taking into account real world constraints.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Making Smart Contracts Smarter
TL;DR: This paper investigates the security of running smart contracts based on Ethereum in an open distributed network like those of cryptocurrencies, and proposes ways to enhance the operational semantics of Ethereum to make contracts less vulnerable.