Journal ArticleDOI
Antimicrobial peptides: pore formers or metabolic inhibitors in bacteria?
TLDR
In this review the different models of antimicrobial-peptide-induced pore formation and cell killing are presented and several observations suggest that translocated peptides can alter cytoplasmic membrane septum formation, inhibit cell-wall synthesis, inhibit nucleic-acid synthesis, inhibits protein synthesis or inhibit enzymatic activity.Abstract:
Antimicrobial peptides are an abundant and diverse group of molecules that are produced by many tissues and cell types in a variety of invertebrate, plant and animal species. Their amino acid composition, amphipathicity, cationic charge and size allow them to attach to and insert into membrane bilayers to form pores by 'barrel-stave', 'carpet' or 'toroidal-pore' mechanisms. Although these models are helpful for defining mechanisms of antimicrobial peptide activity, their relevance to how peptides damage and kill microorganisms still need to be clarified. Recently, there has been speculation that transmembrane pore formation is not the only mechanism of microbial killing. In fact several observations suggest that translocated peptides can alter cytoplasmic membrane septum formation, inhibit cell-wall synthesis, inhibit nucleic-acid synthesis, inhibit protein synthesis or inhibit enzymatic activity. In this review the different models of antimicrobial-peptide-induced pore formation and cell killing are presented.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Innate Immune System in Acute and Chronic Wounds
TL;DR: An overview of the critical roles of the innate immune system to wound healing is provided and aspects of dysregulation of individual innate immune elements known to compromise wound repair and promote nonhealing wounds are explored.
Book ChapterDOI
Antimicrobial Peptides: An Introduction.
TL;DR: An overview of AMPs is provided and some of the methodologies that have been used to advance AMP research are introduced, including screening and evaluating the activities of natural and synthetic AMPs, measuring interactions with membranes, optimizing peptide function, and scaling up peptide production.
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification and Rational Design of Novel Antimicrobial Peptides for Plant Protection
TL;DR: Findings in the identification and design of short antimicrobial peptides with activity against plant pathogens are summarized, and alternatives for their heterologous production suited to plant disease control are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Human Cathelicidin Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 as a Potential Treatment for Polymicrobial Infected Wounds
TL;DR: The combination of the anti-biofilm effect and wound-healing properties of LL-37 may make it highly effective in resolving polymicrobially infected wounds when topically applied.
Journal ArticleDOI
Poly(ethylene imine)s as antimicrobial agents with selective activity.
Katherine A. Gibney,Iva Sovadinova,Analette I. Lopez,Michael Urban,Zachary Ridgway,Gregory A. Caputo,Kenichi Kuroda +6 more
TL;DR: The results presented here highlight the interplay between polymer size and structure on activity and the low MW B-PEIs are less cytotoxic to human HEp-2 cells than other PEIs, however, they induced significant cell viability reduction after 24 h incubation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: This review, inspired by a spate of recent studies ofdefensins in human diseases and animal models, focuses on the biological function of defensins.