Journal ArticleDOI
Antimicrobial peptides: pore formers or metabolic inhibitors in bacteria?
TLDR
In this review the different models of antimicrobial-peptide-induced pore formation and cell killing are presented and several observations suggest that translocated peptides can alter cytoplasmic membrane septum formation, inhibit cell-wall synthesis, inhibit nucleic-acid synthesis, inhibits protein synthesis or inhibit enzymatic activity.Abstract:
Antimicrobial peptides are an abundant and diverse group of molecules that are produced by many tissues and cell types in a variety of invertebrate, plant and animal species. Their amino acid composition, amphipathicity, cationic charge and size allow them to attach to and insert into membrane bilayers to form pores by 'barrel-stave', 'carpet' or 'toroidal-pore' mechanisms. Although these models are helpful for defining mechanisms of antimicrobial peptide activity, their relevance to how peptides damage and kill microorganisms still need to be clarified. Recently, there has been speculation that transmembrane pore formation is not the only mechanism of microbial killing. In fact several observations suggest that translocated peptides can alter cytoplasmic membrane septum formation, inhibit cell-wall synthesis, inhibit nucleic-acid synthesis, inhibit protein synthesis or inhibit enzymatic activity. In this review the different models of antimicrobial-peptide-induced pore formation and cell killing are presented.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Recent updates of marine antimicrobial peptides.
Mohammad H. Semreen,Mohammed I. El-Gamal,Mohammed I. El-Gamal,Shifaa M. Abdin,Hajar Alkhazraji,Leena Kamal,Saba Hammad,Faten El-Awady,Dima Waleed,Layal Kourbaj +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the marine antimicrobial peptides reported from mid 2012 to 2017 and found that these peptides contributed to solving the microbial resistance dilemma that limited the use of many potent antimicrobial agents.
Journal ArticleDOI
Micro and nanotechnologies for bone regeneration: Recent advances and emerging designs.
Marzieh Mohammadi,Seyed Ali Mousavi Shaegh,Mona Alibolandi,Mohammad H Ebrahimzadeh,Ali Tamayol,Mahmoud Reza Jaafari,Mohammad Ramezani +6 more
TL;DR: Promising nanomaterials and emerging micro/nano fabrication techniques for targeted delivery of biomolecules for bone tissue regeneration and recent advances in fabrication of bone graft substitutes with similar properties to normal tissue are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Peptides with dual mode of action: Killing bacteria and preventing endotoxin-induced sepsis.
TL;DR: The data indicate that efficient antibacterial compounds are not necessarily equally efficient as anti-endotoxin drugs and vice versa, and the most important reason for this may be the different molecular geometry of LPS in bacteria and in free form.
Book ChapterDOI
Uptake Mechanism of Cell-Penetrating Peptides.
TL;DR: Relating the structure of cell-penetrating peptides or their particles to distinct mechanisms would allow this delivery platform to become even more specific by using rational design to fit to the desired uptake pathway.
Journal ArticleDOI
New Tick Defensin Isoform and Antimicrobial Gene Expression in Response to Rickettsia montanensis Challenge
Shane M. Ceraul,Sheila M. Dreher-Lesnick,Joseph J. Gillespie,Joseph J. Gillespie,M. Sayeedur Rahman,Abdu F. Azad +5 more
TL;DR: A new defensin isoform,defensin-2, is described and the expression patterns of genes for three antimicrobials, defens in-1 (vsnA1), defensIn-2 (vsNA1) and lysozyme, in the midguts and fat bodies of D. variabilis ticks that were challenged with R. montanensis-challenged ticks suggest that antimicrobial genes play a role during the acquisition-invasion stages
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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