Journal ArticleDOI
Antimicrobial peptides: pore formers or metabolic inhibitors in bacteria?
TLDR
In this review the different models of antimicrobial-peptide-induced pore formation and cell killing are presented and several observations suggest that translocated peptides can alter cytoplasmic membrane septum formation, inhibit cell-wall synthesis, inhibit nucleic-acid synthesis, inhibits protein synthesis or inhibit enzymatic activity.Abstract:
Antimicrobial peptides are an abundant and diverse group of molecules that are produced by many tissues and cell types in a variety of invertebrate, plant and animal species. Their amino acid composition, amphipathicity, cationic charge and size allow them to attach to and insert into membrane bilayers to form pores by 'barrel-stave', 'carpet' or 'toroidal-pore' mechanisms. Although these models are helpful for defining mechanisms of antimicrobial peptide activity, their relevance to how peptides damage and kill microorganisms still need to be clarified. Recently, there has been speculation that transmembrane pore formation is not the only mechanism of microbial killing. In fact several observations suggest that translocated peptides can alter cytoplasmic membrane septum formation, inhibit cell-wall synthesis, inhibit nucleic-acid synthesis, inhibit protein synthesis or inhibit enzymatic activity. In this review the different models of antimicrobial-peptide-induced pore formation and cell killing are presented.read more
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Mechanisms of intrinsic resistance to antimicrobial peptides of Edwardsiella ictaluri and its influence on fish gut inflammation and virulence
TL;DR: It is concluded that intrinsic resistance to CAMPs is mediated by Ugd enzyme, which has a pleiotropic effect in E. ictaluri influencing LPS synthesis, motility, agglutination, fish gut inflammation and virulence.
Journal ArticleDOI
Membrane perturbation activity of cationic phenylene ethynylene oligomers and polymers: selectivity against model bacterial and mammalian membranes.
Ying Wang,Yanli Tang,Zhijun Zhou,Eunkyung Ji,Gabriel P. Lopez,Eva Y. Chi,Kirk S. Schanze,David G. Whitten +7 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that the phospholipid composition of vesicles dominates the interaction of CPE and OPE with lipid membranes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Helical polymers for biological and medical applications
TL;DR: A critical view of where these two fields, helical polymers and polymers for biological and medical applications, overlap is provided, including the characterization of helicity through the process and the identification of biocompatibility.
Journal ArticleDOI
Real-Time Structural Investigation of a Lipid Bilayer during Its Interaction with Melittin Using Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy
TL;DR: Sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy can be employed to study the interactions between peptides/proteins and a single lipid bilayer in real time, in situ, and without exogenous labeling to demonstrate the potential of sum frequency generation as a biophysical technique to monitor individual leaflet structure of lipid bilayers in realTime during their interactions with biomolecules.
Journal ArticleDOI
Peptides, Peptidomimetics, and Polypeptides from Marine Sources: A Wealth of Natural Sources for Pharmaceutical Applications
TL;DR: This review focuses on some of the peptides derived from marine sources in the past ten years and gives a brief review of those that are currently in clinical trials or on the market.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: Raster3D is discussed, which is a suite of programs for molecular graphics, which must compromise the quality of rendered images to achieve rendering speeds high enough for useful interactive manipulation of three-dimensional objects.
Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: This review, inspired by a spate of recent studies ofdefensins in human diseases and animal models, focuses on the biological function of defensins.