Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of Older People: Self-Maintaining and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
M. P. Lawton,Elmne M. Brody +1 more
TLDR
Two scales first standardized on their own population are presented, one of which taps a level of functioning heretofore inadequately represented in attempts to assess everyday functional competence, and the other taps a schema of competence into which these behaviors fit.Abstract:
THE use of formal devices for assessing function is becoming standard in agencies serving the elderly. In the Gerontological Society's recent contract study on functional assessment (Howell, 1968), a large assortment of rating scales, checklists, and other techniques in use in applied settings was easily assembled. The present state of the trade seems to be one in which each investigator or practitioner feels an inner compusion to make his own scale and to cry that other existent scales cannot possibly fit his own setting. The authors join this company in presenting two scales first standardized on their own population (Lawton, 1969). They take some comfort, however, in the fact that one scale, the Physical Self-Maintenance Scale (PSMS), is largely a scale developed and used by other investigators (Lowenthal, 1964), which was adapted for use in our own institution. The second of the scales, the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL), taps a level of functioning heretofore inadequately represented in attempts to assess everyday functional competence. Both of the scales have been tested further for their usefulness in a variety of types of institutions and other facilities serving community-resident older people. Before describing in detail the behavior measured by these two scales, we shall briefly describe the schema of competence into which these behaviors fit (Lawton, 1969). Human behavior is viewed as varying in the degree of complexity required for functioning in a variety of tasks. The lowest level is called life maintenance, followed by the successively more complex levels of func-read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of Stroke Features and Disability in Daily Life in Patients With Ischemic Stroke Aged 55 to 70 and 71 to 85 Years
TL;DR: The stroke patients in young and old age groups had different risk profiles and stroke features and the older stroke patients were more dependent and disabled beforehand, and after stroke they were relatively even more dependent than the patients in the younger age group.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Relationship Between Neurocognitive and Psychosocial Functioning in Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review
TL;DR: Overall, depressed samples had neurocognitive deficits in various domains that were associated with different measures of psychosocial functioning, but the quality of evidence is weak.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mental disorders in the nursing home: another perspective.
TL;DR: The findings replicate those of the few prior studies that used analogous research techniques, but those previous studies were conducted in private, intermediate-care institutions whose residents had different demographic characteristics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anxiety rating scales in Parkinson's disease: A validation study of the Hamilton anxiety rating scale, the Beck anxiety inventory, and the hospital anxiety and depression scale
Albert F.G. Leentjens,Kathy Dujardin,Laura Marsh,Irene H. Richard,Sergio E. Starkstein,Pablo Martinez-Martin +5 more
TL;DR: Assessment of the clinimetric properties of the Hamilton anxiety rating scale, the Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), and the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) in PD patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Health status assessment for elderly patients. Report of the Society of General Internal Medicine Task Force on Health Assessment.
Lisa V. Rubenstein,David R. Calkins,Sheldon Greenfield,Alan M. Jette,Robert F. Meenan,Michael A. Nevins,Laurence Z. Rubenstein,John H. Wasson,Mark E. Williams +8 more
TL;DR: A brief but systematic assessment of functional status should be incorporated into the routine medical management of elderly patients, because of its demonstrated usefulness.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The relationship of mental and physical status in institutionalized aged persons
TL;DR: It was found that persons tended to have disabilities consistent with the type of services to be expected in the institution, and patients in state hospitals had the largest number with poor mental functional status, while there was predominance of persons with poor physical functional status found in the nursing homes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lives in Distress
TL;DR: The authors conclude that the " achillogram " is reliable as radioiodine uptake and better than the B.M.R. and the serum cholesterol and also reliable in a given patient when the results of treatment are being followed over a period.