Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of Older People: Self-Maintaining and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
M. P. Lawton,Elmne M. Brody +1 more
TLDR
Two scales first standardized on their own population are presented, one of which taps a level of functioning heretofore inadequately represented in attempts to assess everyday functional competence, and the other taps a schema of competence into which these behaviors fit.Abstract:
THE use of formal devices for assessing function is becoming standard in agencies serving the elderly. In the Gerontological Society's recent contract study on functional assessment (Howell, 1968), a large assortment of rating scales, checklists, and other techniques in use in applied settings was easily assembled. The present state of the trade seems to be one in which each investigator or practitioner feels an inner compusion to make his own scale and to cry that other existent scales cannot possibly fit his own setting. The authors join this company in presenting two scales first standardized on their own population (Lawton, 1969). They take some comfort, however, in the fact that one scale, the Physical Self-Maintenance Scale (PSMS), is largely a scale developed and used by other investigators (Lowenthal, 1964), which was adapted for use in our own institution. The second of the scales, the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL), taps a level of functioning heretofore inadequately represented in attempts to assess everyday functional competence. Both of the scales have been tested further for their usefulness in a variety of types of institutions and other facilities serving community-resident older people. Before describing in detail the behavior measured by these two scales, we shall briefly describe the schema of competence into which these behaviors fit (Lawton, 1969). Human behavior is viewed as varying in the degree of complexity required for functioning in a variety of tasks. The lowest level is called life maintenance, followed by the successively more complex levels of func-read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Malnutrition in the elderly and its relationship with other geriatric syndromes
TL;DR: Depression, dementia, functional dependence and multiple co-morbidities were associated with poor nutritional status andMalnutrition risk showed positive correlation with the number of existing geriatric syndromes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Benzodiazepine and Opioid Use and the Duration of Intensive Care Unit Delirium in an Older Population
Margaret A. Pisani,Terrence E. Murphy,Katy L. B. Araujo,Patricia W. Slattum,Peter H. Van Ness,Sharon K. Inouye +5 more
TL;DR: The use of benzodiazepines or opioids in the ICU is associated with longer duration of a first episode of delirium, and Clinicians caring for ICU patients should carefully evaluate the need for Benzodiazepine, opioids, and haloperidol.
Journal ArticleDOI
Preventing falls in community-dwelling frail older people using a home intervention team (HIT): results from the randomized Falls-HIT trial.
Thorsten Nikolaus,M. Bach +1 more
TL;DR: To evaluate the effect of an intervention by a multidisciplinary team to reduce falls in older people's homes, a large number of people in these homes have experienced falls in the past.
Journal ArticleDOI
Individual analysis of EEG frequency and band power in mild Alzheimer's disease.
Davide V. Moretti,Claudio Babiloni,Giuliano Binetti,Emanuele Cassetta,Gloria Dal Forno,Florinda Ferreric,Raffaele Ferri,Bartolo Lanuzza,Carlo Miniussi,Flavio Nobili,Guido Rodriguez,Serenella Salinari,Paolo Maria Rossini +12 more
TL;DR: Individual analysis of the alpha frequency and power can discriminate mild AD from VaD and normal elderly subjects, and may probe pathophysiological mechanisms causing AD and VaD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Executive Dysfunction and Apathy Predict Functional Impairment in Alzheimer Disease
Patricia A. Boyle,Paul Malloy,Paul Malloy,Stephen Salloway,Stephen Salloway,Deborah A. Cahn-Weiner,Deborah A. Cahn-Weiner,Ronald A. Cohen,Ronald A. Cohen,Jeffrey L. Cummings +9 more
TL;DR: Findings suggest that specific cognitive and behavioral symptoms are associated with functional impairment in patients with AD.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The relationship of mental and physical status in institutionalized aged persons
TL;DR: It was found that persons tended to have disabilities consistent with the type of services to be expected in the institution, and patients in state hospitals had the largest number with poor mental functional status, while there was predominance of persons with poor physical functional status found in the nursing homes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lives in Distress
TL;DR: The authors conclude that the " achillogram " is reliable as radioiodine uptake and better than the B.M.R. and the serum cholesterol and also reliable in a given patient when the results of treatment are being followed over a period.