Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of Older People: Self-Maintaining and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
M. P. Lawton,Elmne M. Brody +1 more
TLDR
Two scales first standardized on their own population are presented, one of which taps a level of functioning heretofore inadequately represented in attempts to assess everyday functional competence, and the other taps a schema of competence into which these behaviors fit.Abstract:
THE use of formal devices for assessing function is becoming standard in agencies serving the elderly. In the Gerontological Society's recent contract study on functional assessment (Howell, 1968), a large assortment of rating scales, checklists, and other techniques in use in applied settings was easily assembled. The present state of the trade seems to be one in which each investigator or practitioner feels an inner compusion to make his own scale and to cry that other existent scales cannot possibly fit his own setting. The authors join this company in presenting two scales first standardized on their own population (Lawton, 1969). They take some comfort, however, in the fact that one scale, the Physical Self-Maintenance Scale (PSMS), is largely a scale developed and used by other investigators (Lowenthal, 1964), which was adapted for use in our own institution. The second of the scales, the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL), taps a level of functioning heretofore inadequately represented in attempts to assess everyday functional competence. Both of the scales have been tested further for their usefulness in a variety of types of institutions and other facilities serving community-resident older people. Before describing in detail the behavior measured by these two scales, we shall briefly describe the schema of competence into which these behaviors fit (Lawton, 1969). Human behavior is viewed as varying in the degree of complexity required for functioning in a variety of tasks. The lowest level is called life maintenance, followed by the successively more complex levels of func-read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Community Aging in Place, Advancing Better Living for Elders: A Bio‐Behavioral‐Environmental Intervention to Improve Function and Health‐Related Quality of Life in Disabled Older Adults
Sarah L. Szanton,Roland J. Thorpe,Cynthia M. Boyd,Elizabeth K. Tanner,Bruce Leff,Emily M. Agree,Qian Li Xue,Jerilyn K. Allen,Christopher L. Seplaki,Christopher L. Seplaki,Carlos O. Weiss,Jack M. Guralnik,Laura N. Gitlin +12 more
TL;DR: To determine effect size and acceptability of a multicomponent behavior and home repair intervention for low‐income disabled older adults, a large number of participants were recruited for a single intervention.
Journal ArticleDOI
Predictors of combined cognitive and physical decline
Hal H. Atkinson,Matteo Cesari,Stephen B. Kritchevsky,Brenda W.J.H. Penninx,Linda P. Fried,Jack M. Guralnik,Jeff D. Williamson +6 more
TL;DR: To determine the incidence and correlates of combined declines in cognitive and physical performance, a large number of patients with a history of depression and major depressive disorder were studied.
Journal ArticleDOI
Premorbid relationship satisfaction and caregiver burden in dementia caregivers.
TL;DR: It is indicated that premorbid relationship satisfaction is negatively associated with caregiver burden and quality of family functioning and relationship satisfaction may be an important contributor to caregiver burdens.
Journal ArticleDOI
Progression of white matter hyperintensities in elderly individuals over 3 years
TL;DR: White matter hyperintensities are progressive in most elderly individuals with an increasing rate of progression as the burden of lesions increases, and the rate of progress is greater in deep white matter and in the anterior brain regions.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Geriatric Pain Measure: validity, reliability and factor analysis
TL;DR: A multidimensional pain measure has not been developed for older persons undergoing comprehensive geriatric assessment and should be evaluated beyond an estimate of intensity.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The relationship of mental and physical status in institutionalized aged persons
TL;DR: It was found that persons tended to have disabilities consistent with the type of services to be expected in the institution, and patients in state hospitals had the largest number with poor mental functional status, while there was predominance of persons with poor physical functional status found in the nursing homes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lives in Distress
TL;DR: The authors conclude that the " achillogram " is reliable as radioiodine uptake and better than the B.M.R. and the serum cholesterol and also reliable in a given patient when the results of treatment are being followed over a period.