Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of Older People: Self-Maintaining and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
M. P. Lawton,Elmne M. Brody +1 more
TLDR
Two scales first standardized on their own population are presented, one of which taps a level of functioning heretofore inadequately represented in attempts to assess everyday functional competence, and the other taps a schema of competence into which these behaviors fit.Abstract:
THE use of formal devices for assessing function is becoming standard in agencies serving the elderly. In the Gerontological Society's recent contract study on functional assessment (Howell, 1968), a large assortment of rating scales, checklists, and other techniques in use in applied settings was easily assembled. The present state of the trade seems to be one in which each investigator or practitioner feels an inner compusion to make his own scale and to cry that other existent scales cannot possibly fit his own setting. The authors join this company in presenting two scales first standardized on their own population (Lawton, 1969). They take some comfort, however, in the fact that one scale, the Physical Self-Maintenance Scale (PSMS), is largely a scale developed and used by other investigators (Lowenthal, 1964), which was adapted for use in our own institution. The second of the scales, the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL), taps a level of functioning heretofore inadequately represented in attempts to assess everyday functional competence. Both of the scales have been tested further for their usefulness in a variety of types of institutions and other facilities serving community-resident older people. Before describing in detail the behavior measured by these two scales, we shall briefly describe the schema of competence into which these behaviors fit (Lawton, 1969). Human behavior is viewed as varying in the degree of complexity required for functioning in a variety of tasks. The lowest level is called life maintenance, followed by the successively more complex levels of func-read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Factors affecting self-ratings of oral health.
TL;DR: Self-rated oral health may be, for older adults, a better measure of "health" than of "morbidity", and self-rated general health is related to self- rated oral health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epidemiological profile of symptomatic osteoarthritis in older adults: a population based study in Dicomano, Italy
A. Mannoni,M. P. Briganti,M. Di Bari,Luigi Ferrucci,S. Costanzo,U. Serni,Giulio Masotti,Niccolò Marchionni +7 more
TL;DR: About one third of community dwelling older people are affected by symptomatic peripheral OA, and hip OA was strongly associated with disability.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physical, social and productive leisure activities, cognitive decline and interaction with APOE-ε4 genotype in Chinese older adults
TL;DR: Increased leisure activity, especially productive activities more than physical or social activities, was associated with a lowered risk of cognitive decline, and APOE-ε4 genotype individuals appeared to be more vulnerable to the effects of low and high levels of leisure activities.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Lifespan Human Connectome Project in Aging: An overview.
Susan Y. Bookheimer,David H. Salat,Melissa Terpstra,Beau M. Ances,M Deanna,Randy L. Buckner,Gregory C. Burgess,Sandra W. Curtiss,Mirella Díaz-Santos,Jennifer Stine Elam,Bruce Fischl,Douglas N. Greve,Hannah A. Hagy,Michael P. Harms,Olivia M. Hatch,Trey Hedden,Cynthia Hodge,Kevin Japardi,Taylor Kuhn,Timothy K Ly,Stephen M. Smith,Leah H. Somerville,Kâmil Uğurbil,Andre van der Kouwe,David C. Van Essen,Roger P. Woods,Essa Yacoub +26 more
TL;DR: The rationale for the study design and sufficient details of the resource for scientists to plan future analyses of the HCP‐A data are provided, which will enable in‐depth studies of typical brain aging.
Journal ArticleDOI
HIV-associated Prospective Memory Impairment Increases Risk of Dependence in Everyday Functioning
Steven Paul Woods,Jennifer E. Iudicello,Lisa M. Moran,Catherine L. Carey,Matthew S. Dawson,Igor Grant +5 more
TL;DR: Analysis of component cognitive processes revealed that the relationship between HIV-associated ProM deficits and IADL dependence was driven by impaired cue detection and by deficits in self-initiated intention retrieval, which support the potential incremental ecological validity of ProM as a predictor of dependence in I ADLs among persons living with HIV infection.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The relationship of mental and physical status in institutionalized aged persons
TL;DR: It was found that persons tended to have disabilities consistent with the type of services to be expected in the institution, and patients in state hospitals had the largest number with poor mental functional status, while there was predominance of persons with poor physical functional status found in the nursing homes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lives in Distress
TL;DR: The authors conclude that the " achillogram " is reliable as radioiodine uptake and better than the B.M.R. and the serum cholesterol and also reliable in a given patient when the results of treatment are being followed over a period.