Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of Older People: Self-Maintaining and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
M. P. Lawton,Elmne M. Brody +1 more
TLDR
Two scales first standardized on their own population are presented, one of which taps a level of functioning heretofore inadequately represented in attempts to assess everyday functional competence, and the other taps a schema of competence into which these behaviors fit.Abstract:
THE use of formal devices for assessing function is becoming standard in agencies serving the elderly. In the Gerontological Society's recent contract study on functional assessment (Howell, 1968), a large assortment of rating scales, checklists, and other techniques in use in applied settings was easily assembled. The present state of the trade seems to be one in which each investigator or practitioner feels an inner compusion to make his own scale and to cry that other existent scales cannot possibly fit his own setting. The authors join this company in presenting two scales first standardized on their own population (Lawton, 1969). They take some comfort, however, in the fact that one scale, the Physical Self-Maintenance Scale (PSMS), is largely a scale developed and used by other investigators (Lowenthal, 1964), which was adapted for use in our own institution. The second of the scales, the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL), taps a level of functioning heretofore inadequately represented in attempts to assess everyday functional competence. Both of the scales have been tested further for their usefulness in a variety of types of institutions and other facilities serving community-resident older people. Before describing in detail the behavior measured by these two scales, we shall briefly describe the schema of competence into which these behaviors fit (Lawton, 1969). Human behavior is viewed as varying in the degree of complexity required for functioning in a variety of tasks. The lowest level is called life maintenance, followed by the successively more complex levels of func-read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Dimensionality of everyday problem solving in older adults.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated individual differences in older adults' everyday problem-solving performance using three instruments and found that there was little relation between the different instruments, and the measures also differed in their relation with chronological age.
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Adverse Drug Events in Hospitalized Elderly
TL;DR: ADEs were associated with number of new inpatient medications and admission cognitive status, but not demographic, disease, or physical function variables, and may be one factor contributing to functional decline during hospitalization.
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The Reliability and Validity of the Korean Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (K-IADL)
TL;DR: K-IADL could be a reliable and valid tool for the quantification of functional disabilities of Korean dementia patients and was correlated significantly with other general cognitive indices, demonstrating good validity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Loneliness in old age: longitudinal changes and their determinants in an Israeli sample
TL;DR: Whether loneliness increases with age, characteristics of the lonely older population, and predictors of becoming lonely in old age are examined, and the longitudinal transition to becoming lonely was more likely in women, those with insufficient financial resources, and people with poorer health.
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The abbreviated comprehensive geriatric assessment (aCGA): a retrospective analysis
TL;DR: An abbreviated geriatric assessment (aCGA) can be helpful in screening for those seniors who would benefit from the entire CGA.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The relationship of mental and physical status in institutionalized aged persons
TL;DR: It was found that persons tended to have disabilities consistent with the type of services to be expected in the institution, and patients in state hospitals had the largest number with poor mental functional status, while there was predominance of persons with poor physical functional status found in the nursing homes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lives in Distress
TL;DR: The authors conclude that the " achillogram " is reliable as radioiodine uptake and better than the B.M.R. and the serum cholesterol and also reliable in a given patient when the results of treatment are being followed over a period.