Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of Older People: Self-Maintaining and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
M. P. Lawton,Elmne M. Brody +1 more
TLDR
Two scales first standardized on their own population are presented, one of which taps a level of functioning heretofore inadequately represented in attempts to assess everyday functional competence, and the other taps a schema of competence into which these behaviors fit.Abstract:
THE use of formal devices for assessing function is becoming standard in agencies serving the elderly. In the Gerontological Society's recent contract study on functional assessment (Howell, 1968), a large assortment of rating scales, checklists, and other techniques in use in applied settings was easily assembled. The present state of the trade seems to be one in which each investigator or practitioner feels an inner compusion to make his own scale and to cry that other existent scales cannot possibly fit his own setting. The authors join this company in presenting two scales first standardized on their own population (Lawton, 1969). They take some comfort, however, in the fact that one scale, the Physical Self-Maintenance Scale (PSMS), is largely a scale developed and used by other investigators (Lowenthal, 1964), which was adapted for use in our own institution. The second of the scales, the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL), taps a level of functioning heretofore inadequately represented in attempts to assess everyday functional competence. Both of the scales have been tested further for their usefulness in a variety of types of institutions and other facilities serving community-resident older people. Before describing in detail the behavior measured by these two scales, we shall briefly describe the schema of competence into which these behaviors fit (Lawton, 1969). Human behavior is viewed as varying in the degree of complexity required for functioning in a variety of tasks. The lowest level is called life maintenance, followed by the successively more complex levels of func-read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Assessing patient dependence in Alzheimer's disease.
Yaakov Stern,Steven M. Albert,Mary Sano,Marcus Richards,Lisa Miller,Marshal F. Folstein,Marilyn S. Albert,Frederick W. Bylsma,Ginette Lafleche +8 more
TL;DR: Dependence is a distinct, measurable component of dementing disease and should be considered an important outcome in studies of AD.
Journal ArticleDOI
The integration of frailty into clinical practice: Preliminary results from the Gérontopôle
TL;DR: The Platform clinically evaluates and intervenes on frailty for the first time at the general population-level and may serve as preliminary step towards a wider identification of early signs of the disabling cascade in order to develop more effective preventive interventions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional status and quality of life 12 months after discharge from a medical ICU in healthy elderly patients: a prospective observational study
Emilio Sacanella,Joan Manel Pérez-Castejón,Josep M. Nicolás,Ferran Masanés,Marga Navarro,Pedro Castro,Alfonso López-Soto +6 more
TL;DR: The survival rate of elderly medical patients 12 months after discharge from the ICU is low, although functional status and quality of life remained similar to baseline in most of the survivors, however, there was a two-fold increase in the prevalence of geriatric syndromes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Explaining health differences between men and women in later life: A cross-city comparison in Latin America and the Caribbean
TL;DR: Differences in health and functional status among older men and women are described and an integrated understanding of how sex and gender act together to influence health and function in old age needs consideration of additional biological and social factors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relation Between Vitamin D, Physical Performance, and Disability in Elderly Persons
Mauro Zamboni,Elena Zoico,Paolo Tosoni,Alessandra Zivelonghi,Arianna Bortolani,Stefania Maggi,Vincenzo Di Francesco,Ottavio Bosello +7 more
TL;DR: In community-dwelling elderly women, 25(OH)D is related to muscular function and reported disability, which seems to be clinically relevant because of the high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in the elderly population.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The relationship of mental and physical status in institutionalized aged persons
TL;DR: It was found that persons tended to have disabilities consistent with the type of services to be expected in the institution, and patients in state hospitals had the largest number with poor mental functional status, while there was predominance of persons with poor physical functional status found in the nursing homes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lives in Distress
TL;DR: The authors conclude that the " achillogram " is reliable as radioiodine uptake and better than the B.M.R. and the serum cholesterol and also reliable in a given patient when the results of treatment are being followed over a period.