Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of Older People: Self-Maintaining and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
M. P. Lawton,Elmne M. Brody +1 more
TLDR
Two scales first standardized on their own population are presented, one of which taps a level of functioning heretofore inadequately represented in attempts to assess everyday functional competence, and the other taps a schema of competence into which these behaviors fit.Abstract:
THE use of formal devices for assessing function is becoming standard in agencies serving the elderly. In the Gerontological Society's recent contract study on functional assessment (Howell, 1968), a large assortment of rating scales, checklists, and other techniques in use in applied settings was easily assembled. The present state of the trade seems to be one in which each investigator or practitioner feels an inner compusion to make his own scale and to cry that other existent scales cannot possibly fit his own setting. The authors join this company in presenting two scales first standardized on their own population (Lawton, 1969). They take some comfort, however, in the fact that one scale, the Physical Self-Maintenance Scale (PSMS), is largely a scale developed and used by other investigators (Lowenthal, 1964), which was adapted for use in our own institution. The second of the scales, the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL), taps a level of functioning heretofore inadequately represented in attempts to assess everyday functional competence. Both of the scales have been tested further for their usefulness in a variety of types of institutions and other facilities serving community-resident older people. Before describing in detail the behavior measured by these two scales, we shall briefly describe the schema of competence into which these behaviors fit (Lawton, 1969). Human behavior is viewed as varying in the degree of complexity required for functioning in a variety of tasks. The lowest level is called life maintenance, followed by the successively more complex levels of func-read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Urinary Incontinence: Does it Increase Risk for Falls and Fractures?
Jeanette S. Brown,Eric Vittinghoff,Jean F. Wyman,Katie L. Stone,Michael C. Nevitt,Kristine E. Ensrud,Deborah Grady +6 more
TL;DR: To determine if urge urinary incontinence is associated with risk of falls and non‐spine fractures in older women, a large number of studies have found that it is not.
Journal ArticleDOI
Operationalizing a frailty index from a standardized comprehensive geriatric assessment.
TL;DR: A frailty index that is clinically sensible and practical for geriatricians by basing it on a routinely used comprehensive geriatric assessment instrument is constructed and validated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vascular risk factors, incidence of MCI, and rates of progression to dementia.
Vincenzo Solfrizzi,Francesco Panza,Anna M. Colacicco,Alessia D'Introno,Cristiano Capurso,Cristiano Capurso,F. Torres,Francesco Grigoletto,Stefania Maggi,A Del Parigi,Eric M. Reiman,Richard J. Caselli,Emanuele Scafato,Gino Farchi,Antonio Capurso +14 more
TL;DR: In this population, among those who progressed to dementia, 60% progressed to AD and 33% to VaD and there was a nonsignificant trend for stroke as a risk factor of progression of MCI to dementia.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Lawton instrumental activities of daily living scale.
TL;DR: By detecting early functional decline, the scale can help nurses with discharge planning as mentioned in this paper, which can hasten functional decline in older adults, especially during hospitalization, when reduced mobility and other factors may rapidly decrease an older patient's ability to
Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of Activities of Daily Living in Dementia: Development of the Bristol Activities of Daily Living Scale
TL;DR: A new assessment of Activities of Daily Living has been developed specifically for use with people with dementia, a carer rated instrument consisting of 20 daily-living abilities that has 'face validity', assessing items rated as important by and using levels of ability generated by carers.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The relationship of mental and physical status in institutionalized aged persons
TL;DR: It was found that persons tended to have disabilities consistent with the type of services to be expected in the institution, and patients in state hospitals had the largest number with poor mental functional status, while there was predominance of persons with poor physical functional status found in the nursing homes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lives in Distress
TL;DR: The authors conclude that the " achillogram " is reliable as radioiodine uptake and better than the B.M.R. and the serum cholesterol and also reliable in a given patient when the results of treatment are being followed over a period.