Journal ArticleDOI
Biodiesel NOx penalty and control measures - a review
TLDR
In this paper, the effect of biodiesel fuel composition and properties on NOx emissions emanating from biodiesel fueled engines and describes fuel modifications and engine tuning measures for their mitigation, and the best possible ways for achieving biodiesel-NOx neutrality are outlined.Abstract:
Biodiesel fuels comprised of mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats serve as a potential alternative to fossil diesel. The biodiesel fueled engine does not require any major hardware modifications in the existing configuration. Also, the uses of biodiesel in compression ignition engines are found to significantly lower soot emissions. Thus, the conventional nitric oxide-soot trade-off problem narrows down to a unidirectional control of nitric oxide emissions which are generally known to increase with several candidate biodiesel fuels. The formation of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) from biodiesel fuel is dependent on both fuel and engine characteristics. The present work reviews the effect of biodiesel fuel composition and properties on NOx emissions emanating from biodiesel fueled engines and describes fuel modifications and engine tuning measures for their mitigation. The other outcomes of biodiesel NOx control measures in terms of engine performance and emission changes are also highlighted and the best possible ways for achieving biodiesel-NOx neutrality are outlined.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A comprehensive review on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuelled diesel engines
Abstract: Direct injection diesel engines are more popular in the automotive sector than spark ignition (SI) engines due to its fuel lean operation However, the demand of fossil fuel is rising day by day and hence the major fuel source of diesel engine, the petroleum based fuel, is depleting rapidly Many countries depend mainly on imported fossil fuels due to lack of fuel reserves and it has great impact on the economy In addition to this, the major concerns of diesel engine are its oxides of nitrogen and smoke emissions Therefore, for the past several decades extensive efforts are being made to search for alternate fuels to overcome the dependence on fossil fuel and environment pollution In this regard, several alternate fuels namely hydrogen, oxygenated fuels like alcohol fuels, dimethyl ether and biodiesel fuels etc, have been extensively analysed Recent studies show that biodiesel is one of the most promising alternate fuels for diesel engines because of its biodegradable, oxygenated, sulphur free and renewable characteristics Hence, it is getting the attention of researchers all over the world The blends of biodiesel with fossil diesel have many benefits like reduction in emissions, lower engine wear, lesser engine oil consumption and comparable thermal efficiency vis-a-vis diesel fuel Exhaustive experimental works have been carried out to analyse the suitability of biodiesel fuel as alternate fuel and to explore their advantages in diesel engines Hence, this paper is attempted to present a comprehensive review on the performance, combustion and emission characteristics of some important biodiesel fuels on diesel engines This comprehensive review on the published literature will be helpful to the researchers to understand the state-of-the-art technology of the biodiesel fuelled compression ignition engine
Journal ArticleDOI
A comparative analysis of the engine performance, exhaust emissions and combustion behaviors of a compression ignition engine fuelled with biodiesel/diesel/1-butanol (C4 alcohol) and biodiesel/diesel/n-pentanol (C5 alcohol) fuel blends
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance, exhaust emissions and combustion behaviors of a single-cylinder, four-stroke, direct-injection diesel engine running on biodiesel/diesel/1-butanol and n-pentanol fuel blends were investigated and compared with diesel fuel under different engine speeds and full load operating conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Liquid biofuels production and emissions performance in gas turbines: a review.
Meng Choung Chiong,Cheng Tung Chong,Cheng Tung Chong,Jo-Han Ng,Jo-Han Ng,Su Shiung Lam,Manh Vu Tran,William Woei Fong Chong,Mohammad Nazri Mohd. Jaafar,Agustin Valera-Medina +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight the current state-of-the-art production and properties of alternative fuels such as straight vegetable oil (SVO), biodiesel, bioethanol, bio-oil, hydrogenated vegetable oil, Fischer-Tropsch (FT) fuel, and other alternative liquid biofuels.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of biodiesel, biodiesel binary blends, hydrogenated biodiesel and injection parameters on NOx and soot emissions in a turbocharged diesel engine
S. Rajkumar,J. Thangaraja +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of start of injection, fuel formulation, and blends of biodiesel fuels on the emission characteristics of diesel fuel has been investigated and validated with the experimental results at a wide range of speed and load conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Techno-economic assessment of the sustainability of an integrated biorefinery from microalgae and Jatropha: A review and case study
Adewale Giwa,Idowu Adeyemi,Abdallah Dindi,Celia García-Baños Lopez,Catia Giovanna Lopresto,Stefano Curcio,Sudip Chakraborty +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed review on the recent advances in the production of bio-fuels and biochemicals from microalgae and Jatropha is presented, which includes critical elements of the sustainability of micro-algae, socioeconomic considerations, and environmental impact assessments that are reported in recent studies.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Dependence of biodiesel fuel properties on the structure of fatty acid alkyl esters
TL;DR: In this paper, structural features that influence the physical and fuel properties of a fatty ester molecule are chain length, degree of unsaturation, and branching of the chain, as well as the structural features of the fatty acid and the alcohol moieties.
Journal ArticleDOI
Combustion of fat and vegetable oil derived fuels in diesel engines
TL;DR: In this paper, the status of fat and oil derived diesel fuels with respect to fuel properties, engine performance, and emissions is reviewed, and it is concluded that the price of the feedstock fat or oil is the major factor determining biodiesel price.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of biodiesel fuels on diesel engine emissions
TL;DR: In this article, the authors collected and analyzed the body of work written mainly in scientific journals about diesel engine emissions when using biodiesel fuels as opposed to conventional diesel fuels, focusing on the most concerning emissions: nitric oxides and particulate matter.
Journal ArticleDOI
Triglycerides-based diesel fuels
Anjana Srivastava,Ram Prasad +1 more
TL;DR: The main advantages of using biodiesel are its renewability, better-quality exhaust gas emissions, its biodegradability and given that all the organic carbon present is photosynthetic in origin, it does not contribute to a rise in the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and consequently to the greenhouse effect as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Influence of fatty acid composition of raw materials on biodiesel properties.
TL;DR: A triangular graph based on the composition in monounsaturated, polyunsaturated and saturated methyl esters was built in order to predict the critical parameters of European standard for whatever biodiesel, known its composition.