Journal ArticleDOI
Challenges for Rechargeable Li Batteries
John B. Goodenough,Youngsik Kim +1 more
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TLDR
In this paper, the authors reviewed the challenges for further development of Li rechargeable batteries for electric vehicles and proposed a nonflammable electrolyte with either a larger window between its lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) or a constituent that can develop rapidly a solid/ electrolyte-interface (SEI) layer to prevent plating of Li on a carbon anode during a fast charge of the battery.Abstract:
The challenges for further development of Li rechargeable batteries for electric vehicles are reviewed. Most important is safety, which requires development of a nonflammable electrolyte with either a larger window between its lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) or a constituent (or additive) that can develop rapidly a solid/ electrolyte-interface (SEI) layer to prevent plating of Li on a carbon anode during a fast charge of the battery. A high Li-ion conductivity (σ Li > 10 ―4 S/cm) in the electrolyte and across the electrode/ electrolyte interface is needed for a power battery. Important also is an increase in the density of the stored energy, which is the product of the voltage and capacity of reversible Li insertion/extraction into/from the electrodes. It will be difficult to design a better anode than carbon, but carbon requires formation of an SEI layer, which involves an irreversible capacity loss. The design of a cathode composed of environmentally benign, low-cost materials that has its electrochemical potential μ C well-matched to the HOMO of the electrolyte and allows access to two Li atoms per transition-metal cation would increase the energy density, but it is a daunting challenge. Two redox couples can be accessed where the cation redox couples are "pinned" at the top of the O 2p bands, but to take advantage of this possibility, it must be realized in a framework structure that can accept more than one Li atom per transition-metal cation. Moreover, such a situation represents an intrinsic voltage limit of the cathode, and matching this limit to the HOMO of the electrolyte requires the ability to tune the intrinsic voltage limit. Finally, the chemical compatibility in the battery must allow a long service life.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Non-flammable electrolyte enables Li-metal batteries with aggressive cathode chemistries
Xiulin Fan,Long Chen,Oleg Borodin,Xiao Ji,Ji Chen,Singyuk Hou,Tao Deng,Jing Zheng,Chongyin Yang,Sz-Chian Liou,Khalil Amine,Kang Xu,Chunsheng Wang +12 more
TL;DR: A non-flammable fluorinated electrolyte forms a few-nanometre-thick interface both at the anode and the cathode that stabilizes lithium-metal battery operation with high-voltage cathodes.
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Understanding and recent development of carbon coating on LiFePO4 cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries
Jiajun Wang,Xueliang Sun +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the recent progress and advances in the development of C/LiFePO4 composite materials is presented, based on selected reports from peer-reviewed journal publications.
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Nanomaterials for renewable energy production and storage
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed recent and significant advances in the development of nanomaterials for renewable energy applications and special emphases are given to the studies of solar-driven photocatalytic hydrogen production, electricity generation with dye-sensitized solar cells, solid-state hydrogen storage, and electric energy storage with lithium ion rechargeable batteries.
Journal ArticleDOI
Polymer-Based Organic Batteries
Simon Muench,Andreas Wild,Christian Friebe,Bernhard Häupler,Tobias Janoschka,Ulrich S. Schubert +5 more
TL;DR: This review provides a comprehensive overview of novel battery systems and discusses the numerous classes of organic, polymer-based active materials as well as auxiliary components of the battery, like additives or electrolytes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Charge-compensation in 3d-transition-metal-oxide intercalation cathodes through the generation of localized electron holes on oxygen
Kun Luo,Matthew R. Roberts,Rong Hao,Niccoló Guerrini,David M. Pickup,Yi-Sheng Liu,Kristina Edström,Jinghua Guo,Alan V. Chadwick,Laurent Duda,Peter G. Bruce +10 more
TL;DR: O2 removal is charge compensated by the formation of localized electron holes on O atoms coordinated by Mn(4+) and Li(+) ions, which serve to promote the localization, and not the formation, of true O2(2-) species.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Nanomaterials for rechargeable lithium batteries
TL;DR: Some of the recent scientific advances in nanomaterials, and especially in nanostructured materials, for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries are reviewed.