Journal ArticleDOI
Challenges for Rechargeable Li Batteries
John B. Goodenough,Youngsik Kim +1 more
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In this paper, the authors reviewed the challenges for further development of Li rechargeable batteries for electric vehicles and proposed a nonflammable electrolyte with either a larger window between its lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) or a constituent that can develop rapidly a solid/ electrolyte-interface (SEI) layer to prevent plating of Li on a carbon anode during a fast charge of the battery.Abstract:
The challenges for further development of Li rechargeable batteries for electric vehicles are reviewed. Most important is safety, which requires development of a nonflammable electrolyte with either a larger window between its lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) or a constituent (or additive) that can develop rapidly a solid/ electrolyte-interface (SEI) layer to prevent plating of Li on a carbon anode during a fast charge of the battery. A high Li-ion conductivity (σ Li > 10 ―4 S/cm) in the electrolyte and across the electrode/ electrolyte interface is needed for a power battery. Important also is an increase in the density of the stored energy, which is the product of the voltage and capacity of reversible Li insertion/extraction into/from the electrodes. It will be difficult to design a better anode than carbon, but carbon requires formation of an SEI layer, which involves an irreversible capacity loss. The design of a cathode composed of environmentally benign, low-cost materials that has its electrochemical potential μ C well-matched to the HOMO of the electrolyte and allows access to two Li atoms per transition-metal cation would increase the energy density, but it is a daunting challenge. Two redox couples can be accessed where the cation redox couples are "pinned" at the top of the O 2p bands, but to take advantage of this possibility, it must be realized in a framework structure that can accept more than one Li atom per transition-metal cation. Moreover, such a situation represents an intrinsic voltage limit of the cathode, and matching this limit to the HOMO of the electrolyte requires the ability to tune the intrinsic voltage limit. Finally, the chemical compatibility in the battery must allow a long service life.read more
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Trapping Lithium into Hollow Silica Microspheres with a Carbon Nanotube Core for Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Anodes
Tong-Tong Zuo,Ya-Xia Yin,Shuhua Wang,Peng-Fei Wang,Xinan Yang,Jian Liu,Chunpeng Yang,Yu-Guo Guo +7 more
TL;DR: A rational strategy of trapping Li within microcages to confine the deposition morphology and suppress dendrite growth is proposed and delivers new insights into the design of rational Li metal anodes and hastens the practical application of Li metal batteries.
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Highly Conductive, Mechanically Robust, and Electrochemically Inactive TiC/C Nanofiber Scaffold for High-Performance Silicon Anode Batteries
Yan Yao,Kaifu Huo,Liangbing Hu,Nian Liu,Judy J. Cha,Matthew T. McDowell,Paul K. Chu,Yi Cui,Yi Cui +8 more
TL;DR: A core-shell TiC/C/Si inactive/active nanocomposite for Si anodes demonstrating high specific capacity and excellent electrochemical cycling and the excellent cycling stability and high rate performance could be attributed to the tapering of the nanofibers and the open structure that allows facile Li ion transport and the high conductivity and mechanical stability of the Ti C/C scaffold.
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Stable 1T-MoSe2 and Carbon Nanotube Hybridized Flexible Film: Binder-Free and High-Performance Li-Ion Anode
Ting Xiang,Shi Tao,Weiyu Xu,Qi Fang,Chuanqiang Wu,Daobin Liu,Yu Zhou,Adnan Khalil,Zahir Muhammad,Wangsheng Chu,Zhonghui Wang,Hongfa Xiang,Qin Liu,Li Song +13 more
TL;DR: This synthetic route of a multifunctional MoSe2/SWCNTs hybrid might be extended to fabricate other 2D layer-based flexible and light electrodes for various applications such as electronics, optics, and catalysts.
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Ru0.01Ti0.99Nb2O7 as an intercalation-type anode material with a large capacity and high rate performance for lithium-ion batteries
TL;DR: In this article, Ru0.01Ti0.99Nb2O7 (x = 0 and 0.01) was synthesized via a solid-state reaction method and X-ray diffraction combined with Rietveld refinements showed that both samples have a Wadsley-Roth shear structure with a C2/m space group without any impurities, and that the unit cell volume increases after trace Ru4+ doping.
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Mechanism of Formation of Li7P3S11 Solid Electrolytes through Liquid Phase Synthesis
Yuxing Wang,Dongping Lu,Mark E. Bowden,Patrick Z. El Khoury,Kee Sung Han,Zhiqun Daniel Deng,Jie Xiao,Ji-Guang Zhang,Jun Liu +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors elucidate the mechanism of formation of crystalline Li7P3S11 synthesized in the liquid phase [acetonitrile (ACN)].
References
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