Journal ArticleDOI
Challenges for Rechargeable Li Batteries
John B. Goodenough,Youngsik Kim +1 more
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TLDR
In this paper, the authors reviewed the challenges for further development of Li rechargeable batteries for electric vehicles and proposed a nonflammable electrolyte with either a larger window between its lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) or a constituent that can develop rapidly a solid/ electrolyte-interface (SEI) layer to prevent plating of Li on a carbon anode during a fast charge of the battery.Abstract:
The challenges for further development of Li rechargeable batteries for electric vehicles are reviewed. Most important is safety, which requires development of a nonflammable electrolyte with either a larger window between its lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) or a constituent (or additive) that can develop rapidly a solid/ electrolyte-interface (SEI) layer to prevent plating of Li on a carbon anode during a fast charge of the battery. A high Li-ion conductivity (σ Li > 10 ―4 S/cm) in the electrolyte and across the electrode/ electrolyte interface is needed for a power battery. Important also is an increase in the density of the stored energy, which is the product of the voltage and capacity of reversible Li insertion/extraction into/from the electrodes. It will be difficult to design a better anode than carbon, but carbon requires formation of an SEI layer, which involves an irreversible capacity loss. The design of a cathode composed of environmentally benign, low-cost materials that has its electrochemical potential μ C well-matched to the HOMO of the electrolyte and allows access to two Li atoms per transition-metal cation would increase the energy density, but it is a daunting challenge. Two redox couples can be accessed where the cation redox couples are "pinned" at the top of the O 2p bands, but to take advantage of this possibility, it must be realized in a framework structure that can accept more than one Li atom per transition-metal cation. Moreover, such a situation represents an intrinsic voltage limit of the cathode, and matching this limit to the HOMO of the electrolyte requires the ability to tune the intrinsic voltage limit. Finally, the chemical compatibility in the battery must allow a long service life.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Nanoscale Surface Modification of Lithium-Rich Layered-Oxide Composite Cathodes for Suppressing Voltage Fade.
Fenghua Zheng,Chenghao Yang,Xunhui Xiong,Jiawen Xiong,Renzong Hu,Yu Chen,Meilin Liu,Meilin Liu +7 more
TL;DR: The nanoscale LFP layers incorporated into the LL MO surfaces can effectively maintain the lithium-ion and charge transport channels, and the LLMO-LFP5 cathode demonstrated an excellent rate capacity.
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Rechargeable batteries: challenges old and new
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed the TiS2/Li cell with a voltage of V ≃ 2.2 V and good rate capability, which was shown to have a passivation layer permeable to Li+ ion on the anode surface.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interfacial Processes and Influence of Composite Cathode Microstructure Controlling the Performance of All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries
Wenbo Zhang,Dominik A. Weber,Harald Weigand,Tobias Arlt,Ingo Manke,Daniel Schröder,Raimund Koerver,Thomas Leichtweiss,Pascal Hartmann,Wolfgang G. Zeier,Jürgen Janek,Jürgen Janek +11 more
TL;DR: The results demonstrate the necessity of a carefully designed composite microstructure depending on the desired applications of an all-solid-state battery.
Journal ArticleDOI
Conversion reactions for sodium-ion batteries
TL;DR: It is shown that for a given conversion electrode material, replacing lithium by sodium leads to a constant shift in cell potential ΔE°(Li-Na) depending on the material class, which indicates the scope for future studies in this research field.
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Challenges and opportunities of nanostructured materials for aprotic rechargeable lithium–air batteries
TL;DR: In this paper, the fundamental principles and understanding of the electrochemical reaction in the aprotic rechargeable lithium-air batteries are first presented, and the discussion of the nanomaterial's issues which prevent their practical implementation, including the material status and challenges from cathode, electrolyte, anode and other components.
References
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High-performance lithium battery anodes using silicon nanowires
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Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: The phytochemical properties of Lithium Hexafluoroarsenate and its Derivatives are as follows: 2.2.1.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nanomaterials for rechargeable lithium batteries
TL;DR: Some of the recent scientific advances in nanomaterials, and especially in nanostructured materials, for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries are reviewed.