Journal ArticleDOI
Chemical Synthesis of Glycosaminoglycans.
Marco Mende,Christin Bednarek,Mirella Wawryszyn,Paul F. Sauter,Moritz Bosse Biskup,Ute Schepers,Stefan Bräse +6 more
TLDR
This Review summarizes the progress of chemical syntheses of GAGs over the last 10 years and discusses novel glycosylation strategies, elongation sequences, and protecting group patterns of synthesized or isolated G AGs.Abstract:
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) as one major part of the glycocalyx are involved in many essential biological cell processes, as well as in many courses of diseases. Because of the potential therapeutic application of GAG polymers, fragments, and also derivatives toward different diseases (e.g., heparin derivatives against Alzheimer’s disease), there is a continual growing demand for new chemical syntheses, which suffice the high claim to stereoselectivity and chemoselectivity. This Review summarizes the progress of chemical syntheses of GAGs over the last 10 years. For each class of the glycosaminoglycans—hyaluronan (HA), heparan sulfate/heparin (HS/HP), chondroitin/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS), and keratan sulfate (KS)—mainly novel glycosylation strategies, elongation sequences, and protecting group patterns are discussed, but also (semi)automated syntheses, enzymatic approaches, and functionalizations of synthesized or isolated GAGs are considered.read more
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Proteoglycan Chemical Diversity Drives Multifunctional Cell Regulation and Therapeutics.
Nikos K. Karamanos,Nikos K. Karamanos,Zoi Piperigkou,Zoi Piperigkou,Achilleas D. Theocharis,Hideto Watanabe,Marco Franchi,Stéphanie Baud,Stéphane Brézillon,Martin Götte,Alberto Passi,Davide Vigetti,Sylvie Ricard-Blum,Ralph D. Sanderson,Thomas Neill,Renato V. Iozzo +15 more
TL;DR: The primary goal of this comprehensive review is to summarize major achievements and paradigm-shifting discoveries made on the PG/GAG chemistry-biology axis, focusing on structural variability, structure-function relationships, metabolic, molecular, and epigenetic mechanisms underlying their synthesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Glycosylation in cancer: Selected roles in tumour progression, immune modulation and metastasis.
Joana Rodrigues,Meritxell Balmaña,Joana A. Macedo,Juliana Poças,Ângela Fernandes,Julio Cesar Madureira de-Freitas-Junior,Salomé S. Pinho,Joana Gomes,Ana Magalhães,Catarina Gomes,Stefan Mereiter,Celso A. Reis +11 more
TL;DR: The roles of glycan alterations in tumour progression are summarized, such as acquisition of oncogenic features due to modulation of receptor tyrosine kinases, proteoglycans, cadherins and integrins, which are pivotal in the modulation of immune response.
Journal Article
Differential regulation of hyaluronan metabolism in the epidermal and dermal compartments of human skin by UVB irradiation. Commentary
Robert S. Stern,Marco Averbeck,Carl Gebhardt,Susanne Voigt,Simone Beilharz,Ulf Anderegg,Christian Termeer,Jonathan P. Sleeman,Jan C. Simon +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the regulation of HA metabolism in human skin during acute UVB-induced inflammation, which resulted in an increase in HAS gene expression in both fibroblasts and HaCaT-keratinocytes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Translational Innovation
TL;DR: This Perspective offers a critical assessment of the most promising synthetic strategies with an eye on the therapeutically relevant targets in biological glycosylation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heparan Sulfate Microarray Reveals That Heparan Sulfate–Protein Binding Exhibits Different Ligand Requirements
Chengli Zong,Andre Venot,Xiuru Li,Weigang Lu,Wenyuan Xiao,Jo-Setti L. Wilkes,Catherina L. Salanga,Tracy M. Handel,Lianchun Wang,Margreet A. Wolfert,Geert-Jan Boons +10 more
TL;DR: Although the library does not cover the entire chemical space of HS-tetrasaccharides, the binding data support a notion that changes in cell surface HS composition can modulate protein function.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A Strain-Promoted [3 + 2] Azide−Alkyne Cycloaddition for Covalent Modification of Biomolecules in Living Systems
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hyaluronan: from extracellular glue to pericellular cue
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