Journal ArticleDOI
Conn: A Functional Connectivity Toolbox for Correlated and Anticorrelated Brain Networks
TLDR
The results indicate that the CompCor method increases the sensitivity and selectivity of fcMRI analysis, and show a high degree of interscan reliability for many fc MRI measures.Citations
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Brain connectomics predict response to treatment in social anxiety disorder.
Susan Whitfield-Gabrieli,Susan Whitfield-Gabrieli,Satrajit S. Ghosh,Satrajit S. Ghosh,Alfonso Nieto-Castanon,Alfonso Nieto-Castanon,Alfonso Nieto-Castanon,Zeynep M. Saygin,Oliver Doehrmann,Xiaoqian J. Chai,Xiaoqian J. Chai,G O Reynolds,Stefan G. Hofmann,Mark H. Pollack,John D. E. Gabrieli,John D. E. Gabrieli +15 more
TL;DR: Connectomics of the human brain, measured by widely available imaging methods, may provide brain-based biomarkers (neuromarkers) supporting precision medicine that better guide patients with neuropsychiatric diseases to optimal available treatments, and thus translate basic neuroimaging into medical practice.
Journal ArticleDOI
A functional dissociation between language and multiple-demand systems revealed in patterns of BOLD signal fluctuations
TL;DR: A synergistic combination of functional MRI methods defines candidate language-specific and MD regions in each subject individually and measures blood oxygen level-dependent signal fluctuations in these regions during two naturalistic conditions, consistent with the hypothesis that these two systems support distinct cognitive functions.
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Interactions between the default network and dorsal attention network vary across default subsystems, time, and cognitive states.
Matthew L. Dixon,Jessica R. Andrews-Hanna,R. Nathan Spreng,Zachary C. Irving,Caitlin Mills,Manesh Girn,Kalina Christoff +6 more
TL;DR: The findings demonstrate that DN‐DAN interactions are not stable, but rather, exhibit substantial variability across time and context, and are coordinated with broader network dynamics involving the FPCN.
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Cognitive demands of lower paleolithic toolmaking.
TL;DR: Investigation of the neurophysiological demands of stone toolmaking by training modern subjects in known Paleolithic methods and collecting structural and functional brain imaging data confirms cognitive control demands of Acheulean toolmaking, specifically including information monitoring and manipulation functions attributed to the "central executive" of working memory.
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Modulation of resting-state amygdala-frontal functional connectivity by oxytocin in generalized social anxiety disorder.
Sonam Dodhia,Avinash Hosanagar,Daniel A. Fitzgerald,Izelle Labuschagne,Amanda G. Wood,Pradeep J. Nathan,K. Luan Phan +6 more
TL;DR: Findings show that OXT modulates a neural circuit known for social threat processing and emotion regulation, suggesting a neural mechanism by which OXT may have a role in the pathophysiology and treatment of social anxiety disorder.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Collective dynamics of small-world networks
TL;DR: Simple models of networks that can be tuned through this middle ground: regular networks ‘rewired’ to introduce increasing amounts of disorder are explored, finding that these systems can be highly clustered, like regular lattices, yet have small characteristic path lengths, like random graphs.
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A default mode of brain function.
Marcus E. Raichle,Ann Mary MacLeod,Abraham Z. Snyder,William J. Powers,Debra A. Gusnard,Gordon L. Shulman +5 more
TL;DR: A baseline state of the normal adult human brain in terms of the brain oxygen extraction fraction or OEF is identified, suggesting the existence of an organized, baseline default mode of brain function that is suspended during specific goal-directed behaviors.
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Complex brain networks: graph theoretical analysis of structural and functional systems
Edward T. Bullmore,Olaf Sporns +1 more
TL;DR: This article reviews studies investigating complex brain networks in diverse experimental modalities and provides an accessible introduction to the basic principles of graph theory and highlights the technical challenges and key questions to be addressed by future developments in this rapidly moving field.
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Functional connectivity in the motor cortex of resting human brain using echo-planar MRI.
TL;DR: It is concluded that correlation of low frequency fluctuations, which may arise from fluctuations in blood oxygenation or flow, is a manifestation of functional connectivity of the brain.
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The Brain's Default Network Anatomy, Function, and Relevance to Disease
TL;DR: Past observations are synthesized to provide strong evidence that the default network is a specific, anatomically defined brain system preferentially active when individuals are not focused on the external environment, and for understanding mental disorders including autism, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease.